Influência de atributos químicos na erodibilidade e tolerância de perda de solo na bacia hidrográfica do baixo São José dos Dourados

Abstract

The knowledge of soil characteristics and their relationship to factors that influence erosion are of great importance for the conservation management. The objective was to study the erodibility and tolerance of losses for 33 kinds of soil in watershed of low São José of Dourados River and analyze their correlation with some chemical attributes of surveyed soils. The evaluated attributes were: phosphorus, organic carbon, organic matter, nitrogen, potassium, calcium, magnesium, potential acidity, exchangeable aluminum, sum of bases, cation exchange capacity, base saturation, aluminum saturation, soluble sulfate and the soil pH. The erodibility ranged from low [[]LVAe(ti)3] to extremely high [[]PVd(ab)1/2]. The tolerance values ranged from 3.04 to 14.79 t ha-1yr-1. In the studied soils, those with greater environmental susceptibility were PVe(ab)1/2, PVe(ab)1/3, PVe(ar)1/2, PVe(ti)1/2, PVd(ab)1/2, PVd(ab) 1/3, PVd(ar)1/2, because in addition to having the largest erodibility values also had the lowest values of tolerance of soil loss. The erodibility showed high correlation with the attributes of carbon and cationic soil complex cycle, allowing to conclude that is strongly influenced by the chemical soil quality and its management. Finally, organic carbon and available calcium presented themselves as the best indicators of chemical soil quality for the study area.