Avaliação de tratamentos químicos e mecânicos no controle de plantas daninhas na cultura do algodão

Abstract

O presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a eficiência de diferentes combinações de tratamentos herbicidas integrado, aplicados em PPI, pré, pós, cultivo mecânico e jato dirigido em cultura de algodão (Gossypium hirsutum L.). O experimento foi conduzido em campo, sendo a área experimental instalada na cultura de algodão cultivar IAC-20. Foram testados tratamentos com os seguintes produtos: trifluralina na dose de 1,068 kg i.a./ha; alachlor na dose de 1,584 kg i.a./ha; M.S.M.A. nas doses de 1,44 e 1,68 kg i.a./ha; nicosulfuron nas doses de 0,0201; 0,030 e 0,040 kg i.a./ha; diuron nas doses de 1,0 e 1,5 kg i.a./ha; lactofen na dose de 0,18 kg i.a./ha; cyanazine nas doses de 1,0 e 1,5 kg i.a./ha e diuron nas doses de 1,0 e 1,5 kg i.a./ha.Os tratamentos herbicidas foram efetuados em pré-plantio incorporado (PPI), pré-emergência (PRE), pós-emergência (POS), cultivo mecânico (CM) e jato dirigido (JD). Os resultados obtidos levaram a concluir que o sistema de trifluralina (PPI), alachlor (PRE), CM, M.S.M.A. + lactofen apresentaram a maior produtividade. Os sistemas herbicidas compostos por aplicação de trifluralina (PPI), alachlor (PRE), M.S.M.A. (POS), CM ao redor dos 50 a 60 D.A.P. (dias após o plantio) e a aplicação de jato dirigido de diuron, lactofen + cyanazine, lactofen + diuron, M.S.M.A. + cyanazine, M.S.M.A. + lactofen e M.S.M.A. + diuron, propiciaram de forma geral controle das principais plantas daninhas.

The objective of this work was to evaluate the efficacy of different combinations of integrated herbicide treatments, applied at PPI, pre, post, mechanical cultivation and direct spray on cotton crop (Gossypium hirsutum). The trial was conducted in the field, being cotton crop cultivar IAC-20 the experiment area. The treatments were tested with the following products: trifluralina at the dose of 1.068 kg a.i./ha; alachlor at the dose of 1.584 kg a.i/ha; M.S.M.A. at the doses of 1.44 and 1.68 kg a.i./ha; nicosulfuron at the doses of 0.0201; 0.030 and 0.040 kg a.i./ha; diuron at the doses of 1.0 and 1.5 kg a.i./ha; lactofen at the dose of 0,18 kg a.i./ha; cyanazine at the doses of 1.0 and 1.5 kg a.i./ha and diuron at the doses of 1.0 and 1.5 kg a.i./ha. The herbicide treatments were conducted at incorpored pre-planting (IPP), preemergence (PRE), postemergence (POS); mechanical cultivation (MC) and directed spray (DS).The results lead to the conclusion that the system trifluralina (IPP), alachlor(PRE), MC, M.S.M.A. + lactofen presented the highest yielding.The herbicide systems with the application of trifluralina (IPP), alachlor (PRE), M.S.M.A. (POS), MC approximately 50 to 60 D.A.P. and the application through direct spray of diuron, lactofen + cyanazine, lactofen + diuron, M.S.M.A. + cyanazine, M.S.M.A. + lactofen and M.S.M.A. + diuron, in general, promoted the control of weeds.