Artículos de revistas
HIV-1 subtype C dissemination in southern Brazil
Fecha
2005Registro en:
SOARES, E. A. J. M. et al. HIV-1 subtype C dissemination in southern Brazil. AIDS, London, v. 19, p. S81–S86, 2005. Suppl. 4.
0269-9370
Autor
Soares, Esmeralda A. J. M.
Martínez, Ana M. B.
Souza, Thatiana M.
Santos, André F. A.
Hora, Vanusa da
Silveira, Jussara
Bastos, Francisco Inácio Pinkusfeld Monteiro
Tanuri, Amilcar
Soares, Marcelo A.
Institución
Resumen
Objectives: To describe the molecular and epidemiological profile of HIV-1 in patients
followed at the University Hospital of Rio Grande, Brazil.
Design and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from September to December 2002. Plasma viral RNA of 85 patients was extracted and protease and reverse transcriptase genes were polymerase chain reaction-amplified and sequenced.
Sequences were subtyped and examined to antiretroviral resistance mutations. Laboratory data and past history of antiretroviral treatment were also collected.
Results: Most viruses were either subtype B (42%) or subtype C (45%). No risk
behaviour, sexual orientation or laboratory parameter was associated with any specific
subtype, but subtype C tended to be more frequently found in women (P ¼ 0.06). The
prevalence of subtype C has increased over the HIV/AIDS epidemic, accounting for
almost 60% of cases diagnosed in 2002. Intra-subtype genetic distances were smaller in
subtype C than in subtype B, suggesting a more recent introduction of the former in the
epidemic. Of patients under treatment, 60% had at least one antiretroviral drug
resistance mutation, but no mutation was specifically associated with any HIV-1
subtype. Only one resistance mutation each was found in drug-naive patients with
subtypes B and C.
Conclusion: Despite the fact that subtype C appeared in southern Brazil more recently
than subtype B, it is now the predominant strain in Rio Grande. The epidemic spread of
subtype C could be taking place in Brazil, and possibly in south America, a phenomenon
similar to that seen in other countries where this subtype is now totally dominant.