Artículos de revistas
Magnetic mapping of air pollution in Tandil city (Argentina) using the lichen Parmotrema pilosum as biomonitor
Fecha
2016-05Registro en:
Marié, Débora Carolina; Chaparro, Marcos Adrián Eduardo; Irurzun, Maria Alicia; Lavornia, Juan Manuel; Marinelli, Claudia; et al.; Magnetic mapping of air pollution in Tandil city (Argentina) using the lichen Parmotrema pilosum as biomonitor; Elsevier Science; Atmospheric Pollution Research; 7; 3; 5-2016; 513-520
1309-1042
CONICET Digital
CONICET
Autor
Marié, Débora Carolina
Chaparro, Marcos Adrián Eduardo
Irurzun, Maria Alicia
Lavornia, Juan Manuel
Marinelli, Claudia
Cepeda, Rosana
Böhnel, Harald N.
Castañeda Miranda, Ana G
Sinito, Ana Maria
Resumen
The lichen Parmotrema pilosum is sensitive to pollution and it can live accumulating airborne pollutants for long time, such characteristic allows its use as biomonitor for environmental mapping in urban areas when this epiphytic specie is available. In this work, we investigated the use of such passive collector and magnetic techniques to monitor the air pollution in Tandil, a city located in Buenos Aires province with approximately 125,000 inhabitants, 60,000 vehicles and various metallurgical factories inside the urban area. The sampling strategy was carried out following a random stratified design and measuring magnetic susceptibility, magnetic hysteresis loops, anhysteretic and isothermal remanent magnetization and thermomagnetic studies to determine the magnetic properties of airborne particles accumulated on lichen samples. Scanning electron microscopy observations show particles with different morphologies (individual particles, spherules and aggregates) and composition (Fe, Al, Ni, Cr, Ti, Cu, K and Br) produced by metallurgical factories and by gaseous/solid vehicle emissions. The magnetic mineralogy shows the predominance of pseudo-single domain magnetite-like mineral and the magnetic grain size estimations indicate the presence of fine particles (<0.1 mm) in sites with low vehicular traffic or less polluted, while sites more affected by pollution (high vehicular traffic and metallurgical industries) are characterized by coarser magnetic grain size particles, between 0.1 and 5 mm. Mass-specific magnetic susceptibility was represented in a 2-D contour map to observe in detail the distribution of magnetic particles in this urban area, giving high values (up to 1161.2 108 m3 kg1 ) that are indicative of areas with high pollution loading.