Progress in South America Dendrochronology

Abstract

South America extends from 11°N to 62°S. Major boundaries such as the Andes on the western side of the continent and the land mass in the tropics create north-south and west-east variations in climate and ecosystems. Tropical forest covers 44% of the total land surface. Between 36 and 56°S, a temperate forest composed of high longevity trees dominates. The northern and central highlands are covered by small trees, shrubs and grasses. The central western part (Peru, Chile, the Andes, western Argentina and eastern Patagonia) is composed of deserts. These diverse climatic zones and ecosystems offer various potential sites for dendrochronological studies. The ideal conditions for paleoclimatic reconstructions using tree-rings are those that support the existence of long-living trees required to develop long chronologies, and/or the presence of subfossil woods. Over the last decade, the search for areas with some of these conditions has been one of the major goals of dendroclimatological studies in South America.