Síndrome metabólica em motoristas profissionais de transporte de cargas da rodovia BR-116 no trecho Paulista-Régis Bittencourt

Abstract

O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar a prevalência da síndrome metabólica e identificar variáveis relacionadas a motoristas profissionais em trânsito na Rodovia BR-116. Foram avaliados 258 motoristas com medida do índice de massa corporal (IMC), circunferência abdominal, pressão arterial, triglicérides, colesterol total e frações e proteína C reativa. Avaliou-se a síndrome metabólica de acordo com a I Diretriz Brasileira de Diagnóstico e Tratamento da Síndrome Metabólica. O nível de significância adotado foi p < 0,05. Foram utilizadas as análises uni e multivariadas. Verificou-se que a idade dos motoristas foi de 37,5 ± 10,1 anos, 82% tinham IMC > 25 kg/m², 58% circunferência abdominal > 94 cm, 9% colesterol total > 240 mg/dL, 10% LDL-c > 160 mg/dL; 23% HDL-c < 40 mg/dL, 22% triglicérides > de 200 mg/dL, 7% glicemia > 110 mg/dL e 19% proteína C reativa > 0,5 mg/dL. A prevalência da hipertensão arterial foi de 37%, 9% apresentaram médio/alto escore de risco de Framingham e 24% com síndrome metabólica. A análise de regressão logística indicou a associação independente da síndrome metabólica para as variáveis: IMC (OR = 1,4007 IC 95% 1,192-1,661), hábito de verificar o colesterol (OR = 0,1020 IC 0,017-0,589) e escore de risco de Framingham (OR = 26,3 IC 2,520-276,374). Verificou-se presença expressiva de fatores de risco cardiovasculares e da síndrome metabólica na população estudada.

The objective of this study was to determine the Metabolic Syndrome prevalence as well as identify variables related in truck drivers who work on Highway BR-116 (São Paulo, Brazil). A total of 258 truck drivers were assessed and the variables studied were: body mass index, waist circumference, blood pressure, triglycerides, total and fraction cholesterol, glycemia and C reactive protein. Cardiovascular disease risk was evaluated by Framingham's risk score whereas the Metabolic Syndrome based on the First Brazilian Guideline for Diagnosis and Treatment of the Metabolic Syndrome. The significance level adopted was p< 0.05 and univariate and multivariate analysis were applied. The average age was of 37.5±10.1. According to the anthropometric data, it was observed body mass index >25 kg/m² in 82%, waist circumference >94 cm in 58%, total cholesterol >240mg/dL in 9%, LDL-c >160mg/dL in 10%; HDL-c <40mg/dL in 20%, triglycerides >200mg/dL in 22%, glycemia >110mg/dL in 7%, and C reactive protein >0.5 mg/dL in 19%. Hypertension prevalence was 37%, 9% were identified at the highest/medium Framingham's risk score and 24% showed Metabolic Syndrome. The logistical regression analysis indicated independent association of the Metabolic Syndrome for the following variables (OD odds ratio, CI confidence interval at 95%): body mass index (OR = 1.4007 CI 95% 1.192-1.661), use to check cholesterol (OR = 0.1020 CI 0.017-0.589) and Framingham's risk score (OR = 26.389 CI 2.520-276.374). As a conclusion, it was observed a quite expressive prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors as well as Metabolic Syndrome in truck drivers.