This article approaches the relations between history and history teaching in the constructions of memories about the civil-military dictatorships of National Security in Brazil and Argentina, highlighting its potential to the understand the present and plan for the future supported by the studies of Reinhart Koselleck and Jorn Rusen. Both countries have been through similar experiences at the same time -National Security Dictatorships', state terrorism and the disappearing practice -, and the way how this past is assumed to public policy interferes in the relationship that is established with it. To understand this process, it was consider the analysis of educational laws, curriculum guidelines and education practices of the last three decades, to observe the memory framing processes and the surrounding culture. Finally, are emphasized the relations between memory, education and historical consciousness in the approaching of the dictatorships and its dialogues with the contemporary.918249274