Network Analysis Reveals Contrasting Effects Of Intraspecific Competition On Individual Vs. Population Diets.

dc.creatorAraújo, Márcio S
dc.creatorGuimarães, Paulo R
dc.creatorSvanbäck, Richard
dc.creatorPinheiro, Aluisio
dc.creatorGuimarães, Paulo
dc.creatorDos Reis, Sérgio F
dc.creatorBolnick, Daniel I
dc.date2008-Jul
dc.date2015-11-27T13:13:06Z
dc.date2015-11-27T13:13:06Z
dc.date.accessioned2018-03-29T01:07:20Z
dc.date.available2018-03-29T01:07:20Z
dc.identifierEcology. v. 89, n. 7, p. 1981-93, 2008-Jul.
dc.identifier0012-9658
dc.identifier
dc.identifierhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18705384
dc.identifierhttp://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/197934
dc.identifier18705384
dc.identifier.urihttp://repositorioslatinoamericanos.uchile.cl/handle/2250/1298167
dc.descriptionOptimal foraging theory predicts that individuals should become more opportunistic when intraspecific competition is high and preferred resources are scarce. This density-dependent diet shift should result in increased diet breadth for individuals as they add previously unused prey to their repertoire. As a result, the niche breadth of the population as a whole should increase. In a recent study, R. Svanbäck and D. I. Bolnick confirmed that intraspecific competition led to increased population diet breadth in threespine stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus). However, individual diet breadth did not expand as resource levels declined. Here, we present a new method based on complex network theory that moves beyond a simple measure of diet breadth, and we use the method to reexamine the stickleback experiment. This method reveals that the population as a whole added new types of prey as stickleback density was increased. However, whereas foraging theory predicts that niche expansion is achieved by individuals accepting new prey in addition to previously preferred prey, we found that a subset of individuals ceased to use their previously preferred prey, even though other members of their population continued to specialize on the original prey types. As a result, populations were subdivided into groups of ecologically similar individuals, with diet variation among groups reflecting phenotype-dependent changes in foraging behavior as prey density declined. These results are consistent with foraging theory if we assume that quantitative trait variation among consumers affects prey preferences, and if cognitive constraints prevent individuals from continuing to use their formerly preferred prey while adding new prey.
dc.description89
dc.description1981-93
dc.languageeng
dc.relationEcology
dc.relationEcology
dc.rightsaberto
dc.rights
dc.sourcePubMed
dc.subjectAnimals
dc.subjectBody Size
dc.subjectEcosystem
dc.subjectFeeding Behavior
dc.subjectFood Chain
dc.subjectFresh Water
dc.subjectInvertebrates
dc.subjectModels, Biological
dc.subjectSmegmamorpha
dc.titleNetwork Analysis Reveals Contrasting Effects Of Intraspecific Competition On Individual Vs. Population Diets.
dc.typeArtículos de revistas


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