Factors most commonly associated with cervical cancer are early start of sexual activity and papillomavirus infection. PURPOSE--Studying risk factors for cervical condyloma in sexually active adolescents in the region of Campinas, SP, Brazil. METHOD--131 adolescents with condyloma and 131 without disease, controlled by age and pregnancy state, were compared according to social-demographical, sexual-behavioral and gynecological/obstetrical variables. Relative risk evaluation was performed for each variable and multivariate analysis with logistic regression was made to determine confunding factors. RESULTS--Tobacco smoking and nulliparity were identified as independent risk factors for cervical condyloma in this population. More than two sexual partners and low level of schooling were identified as risk factors in the univariate analysis, however, these factors were highly correlated with tobacco smoking and parity, respectively. All other variables were similar in both groups. CONCLUSION--Although tobacco smoking and nulliparity were identified as risk factors for cervical condyloma, it is very difficult to characterize a sexually active adolescent group without risk for infection.41130-4