As in other social spider species, subadult Aneolosimus jabaquara females found new colonies after solitary dispersal. Some individuals, however, usually remain and reproduce in their natal nests. To test the hypothesis that large females disperse more often than smaller ones, we compared the body size of A. jabaquara females that remained in their natal colonies with those that left to build solitary webs. We also compared clutch size. egg diameter, total egg volume and spiderling size in both conditions. Emigrating females were significantly larger and laid larger clutches. The smaller females that had not dispersed laid significantly larger eggs, although their total egg volume was lower. Spiderlings of solitary females were smaller and had a smaller range of size variation than those from colonies. We discuss the implications of these results in terms of costs and benefits of dispersion for spiders in different nutritional conditions.48294100