Birds and ants provide complementary seed dispersal in a neotropical savanna

dc.creatorChristianini, AV
dc.creatorOliveira, PS
dc.date2010
dc.dateMAY
dc.date2014-11-15T20:10:09Z
dc.date2015-11-26T17:21:47Z
dc.date2014-11-15T20:10:09Z
dc.date2015-11-26T17:21:47Z
dc.date.accessioned2018-03-29T00:09:16Z
dc.date.available2018-03-29T00:09:16Z
dc.identifierJournal Of Ecology. Wiley-blackwell, v. 98, n. 3, n. 573, n. 582, 2010.
dc.identifier0022-0477
dc.identifierWOS:000276792400006
dc.identifier10.1111/j.1365-2745.2010.01653.x
dc.identifierhttp://www.repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/55721
dc.identifierhttp://www.repositorio.unicamp.br/handle/REPOSIP/55721
dc.identifierhttp://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/55721
dc.identifier.urihttp://repositorioslatinoamericanos.uchile.cl/handle/2250/1283448
dc.descriptionFundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
dc.descriptionConselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
dc.descriptionP>1. A substantial portion of the crop of fruiting trees falls beneath parent plants as a result of dispersal failure. Such diaspores are considered as waste because the likelihood of plant recruitment is usually very small close to parent trees. However, many animals may rescue fallen diaspores and provide them with another chance of dispersal and establishment. 2. We investigated the effectiveness of two broad types of seed dispersal vectors for the regeneration of Xylopia aromatica in the Brazilian cerrado savanna: birds that remove diaspores from plant canopies and ants that harvest diaspores on the ground under the parent plant (as rescuers) or from bird feces (as secondary dispersers). 3. Birds removed a mean of 32% of the crop from plant canopies, but removal was independent of crop size. A large part of the crop (mean of 25%) landed beneath parent plants or was dropped after manipulation by vertebrate frugivores as viable diaspores. Ants from at least five genera removed most fallen diaspores (up to 83%) within 24 h. Ants influenced the fate of a large amount of the crop, and for some trees ants removed as many diaspores as birds. 4. Large ants rescued some diaspores to distances beyond the parent plant crown, but birds may remove diaspores 40-fold farther. However, seedlings of X. aromatica were only found close to nests of large ants, probably due to diaspore rescuing and/or directed secondary dispersal by certain ant groups following primary dispersal by birds. Although an unknown percentage of seeds was lost to granivorous ants, diaspore removal by ants potentially enhances the likelihood of plant recruitment due to distance-related benefits and directed dispersal to ant nests, while birds play a premier role in long-distance seed dispersal and metapopulation dynamics. 5. Synthesis. Birds and ants provide complementary seed dispersal at different spatial scales to X. aromatica. Since ants remove most fallen diaspores beneath parent plants, the use of diaspore removal rates from plant canopy as a surrogate of plant fitness may be misleading. By acting as secondary dispersers, ants may also provide a fine-tuned dispersal following long-distance dispersal by birds (i.e. diplochory).
dc.description98
dc.description3
dc.description573
dc.description582
dc.descriptionFundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
dc.descriptionFAEPEX/UNICAMP
dc.descriptionWisconsin Society of Science Teachers
dc.descriptionConselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
dc.descriptionFundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
dc.descriptionConselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
dc.descriptionFAPESP [02/12895-8, 08/54058-1]
dc.descriptionCNPq [304521/2006-0]
dc.languageen
dc.publisherWiley-blackwell
dc.publisherMalden
dc.publisherEUA
dc.relationJournal Of Ecology
dc.relationJ. Ecol.
dc.rightsfechado
dc.rightshttp://olabout.wiley.com/WileyCDA/Section/id-406071.html
dc.sourceWeb of Science
dc.subjectcerrado
dc.subjectdiplochory
dc.subjectdirected dispersal
dc.subjectdispersal distance
dc.subjectdispersal syndrome
dc.subjectdisperser effectiveness
dc.subjectfruit crop size
dc.subjectsecondary seed dispersal
dc.subjectseed predation
dc.subjectRain-forest
dc.subjectSpatial-patterns
dc.subjectCerrado Vegetation
dc.subjectFrugivorous Birds
dc.subjectRecruitment
dc.subjectBrazil
dc.subjectTree
dc.subjectSize
dc.subjectPopulation
dc.subjectDistance
dc.titleBirds and ants provide complementary seed dispersal in a neotropical savanna
dc.typeArtículos de revistas


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