This double-blind cross-over study compared the anesthetic success and onset and duration of lip and pulpal anesthesia of 0.5% bupivacaine and levobupivacaine solutions, both with 1:200,000 epinephrine, when administered for inferior alveolar nerve anesthesia. Thirty healthy volunteers were randomly anesthetized using one of the solutions. The inferior canine, second premolar, and molar were tested with electric stimulation. The pulpal anesthetic success rates for bupivacaine and levobupivacaine were 80% and 76.66%, respectively, for molars, 76.66% (both solutions) for premolars, and 70% (both solutions) for canines. At least 250 minutes of pulpal anesthesia was achieved. There were no significant differences between the solutions considering the measured parameters (P > .05). Because of the similar anesthetic behavior of the 2 solutions in this study and the low toxicity related in the literature for levobupivacaine, there is justification for replacing bupivacaine with levobupivacaine for inferior alveolar nerve local anesthesia.1014442447