A reconfigurable arbitrary waveform generator using PWM modulation for ultrasound research

dc.creatorAssef, AA
dc.creatorMaia, JM
dc.creatorSchneider, FK
dc.creatorButton, VLSN
dc.creatorCosta, ET
dc.date2013
dc.date43891
dc.date2014-07-30T13:42:43Z
dc.date2015-11-26T16:31:27Z
dc.date2014-07-30T13:42:43Z
dc.date2015-11-26T16:31:27Z
dc.date.accessioned2018-03-28T23:12:30Z
dc.date.available2018-03-28T23:12:30Z
dc.identifierBiomedical Engineering Online. Biomed Central Ltd, v. 12, 2013.
dc.identifier1475-925X
dc.identifierWOS:000317364800001
dc.identifier10.1186/1475-925X-12-24
dc.identifierhttp://www.repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/53681
dc.identifierhttp://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/53681
dc.identifier.urihttp://repositorioslatinoamericanos.uchile.cl/handle/2250/1270216
dc.descriptionConselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
dc.descriptionBackground: In ultrasound imaging systems, the digital transmit beamformer is a critical module that generates accurate control over several transmission parameters. However, such transmit front-end module is not typically accessible to ultrasound researchers. To overcome this difficulty, we have been developing a compact and fully programmable digital transmit system using the pulse-width modulation (PWM) technique for generating simultaneous arbitrary waveforms, specifically designed for research purposes. Methods: In this paper we present a reconfigurable arbitrary waveform generator (RAWG) for ultrasound research applications that exploits a high frequency PWM scheme implemented in a low-cost FPGA, taking advantage of its flexibility and parallel processing capability for independent controlling of multiple transmission parameters. The 8-channel platform consists of a FPGA-based development board including an USB 2.0 interface and an arbitrary waveform generator board with eight MD2130 beamformer source drivers for individual control of waveform, amplitude apodization, phase angle and time delay trigger. Results: To evaluate the efficiency of our system, we used equivalent RC loads (1 k Omega and 220 pF) to produce arbitrary excitation waveforms with the Gaussian and Tukey profiles. The PWM carrier frequency was set at 160 MHz featuring high resolution while keeping a minimum time delay of 3.125 ns between pulses to enable the acoustic beam to be focused and/or steered electronically. Preliminary experimental results show that the RAWG can produce complex arbitrary pulses with amplitude over 100 Vpp and central frequency up to 20 MHz with satisfactory linearity of the amplitude apodization, as well as focusing phase adjustment capability with angular resolution of 7.5 degrees. Conclusions: The initial results of this study showed that the proposed research system is suitable for generating simultaneous arbitrary waveforms, providing extensive user control with direct digital access to the various transmission parameters needed to explore alternative ultrasound transmission techniques.
dc.description12
dc.descriptionConselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
dc.descriptionFINEP
dc.descriptionFundacao Araucaria
dc.descriptionMinistry of Health
dc.descriptionConselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
dc.languageen
dc.publisherBiomed Central Ltd
dc.publisherLondon
dc.publisherInglaterra
dc.relationBiomedical Engineering Online
dc.relationBiomed. Eng. Online
dc.rightsaberto
dc.sourceWeb of Science
dc.subjectUltrasound
dc.subjectFPGA
dc.subjectArbitrary waveform generator
dc.subjectTransmit beamformer
dc.subjectMedical Ultrasound
dc.subjectPulse-generator
dc.subjectLow-cost
dc.subjectFrequency
dc.subjectSystem
dc.titleA reconfigurable arbitrary waveform generator using PWM modulation for ultrasound research
dc.typeArtículos de revistas


Este ítem pertenece a la siguiente institución