Extrafloral nectaries as a deterrent mechanism against seed predators in the chemically protected weed Crotalaria pallida (Leguminosae)

dc.creatorGuimaraes, PR
dc.creatorRaimundo, RLG
dc.creatorBottcher, C
dc.creatorSilva, RR
dc.creatorTrigo, JR
dc.date2006
dc.dateSEP
dc.date2014-11-13T23:23:46Z
dc.date2015-11-26T16:03:01Z
dc.date2014-11-13T23:23:46Z
dc.date2015-11-26T16:03:01Z
dc.date.accessioned2018-03-28T22:52:24Z
dc.date.available2018-03-28T22:52:24Z
dc.identifierAustral Ecology. Blackwell Publishing, v. 31, n. 6, n. 776, n. 782, 2006.
dc.identifier1442-9985
dc.identifierWOS:000240562700011
dc.identifier10.1111/j.1442-9993.2006.01639.x
dc.identifierhttp://www.repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/66603
dc.identifierhttp://www.repositorio.unicamp.br/handle/REPOSIP/66603
dc.identifierhttp://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/66603
dc.identifier.urihttp://repositorioslatinoamericanos.uchile.cl/handle/2250/1265196
dc.descriptionIn several plants, extrafloral nectaries (EFN) are located close to the reproductive structures, suggesting that ants may act as a defence against specialized seed predators that overcome chemical defences. Alternatively, ants may also deter herbivores in a generalized manner, thereby protecting the whole plant. In this work, we examined the relationship between the chemically protected weed Crotalaria pallida Ait. (Leguminosae) that bears EFN, its specialized seed predator, the larvae of the arctiid moth Utetheisa ornatrix L. (Arctiidae) and ants. We tested two hypotheses related to the type of deterrence caused by ants. The Seed Predator Deterrence Hypothesis predicts that ant deterrence is directed primarily towards herbivores that destroy seeds and other reproductive structures, without attacking herbivores on vegetative structures. The General Deterrence Hypothesis states that ants are general in their effects, equally deterring herbivores in vegetative and reproductive structures. Our results supported the predictions of the Seed Predator Deterrence Hypothesis, namely, that (i) ant activity on EFN was related to the vulnerability of reproductive structures to attack by U ornatrix; (ii) ant patrolling was restricted almost entirely to racemes; (iii) ants- removed termites used as baits more frequently on racernes than on leaves; and (iv) U. ornatrix larvae were often expulsed from the racemes. These results indicate that EFN can act as another deterrent mechanism in chemically protected plants by promoting the expulsion of specialist seed predators.
dc.description31
dc.description6
dc.description776
dc.description782
dc.languageen
dc.publisherBlackwell Publishing
dc.publisherOxford
dc.publisherInglaterra
dc.relationAustral Ecology
dc.relationAustral Ecol.
dc.rightsfechado
dc.sourceWeb of Science
dc.subjectarctiidae
dc.subjectCamponotus
dc.subjectchemical defence
dc.subjectdeterrence
dc.subjectEctatomma
dc.subjectformicinae
dc.subjectponerinae
dc.subjectpyrrolizidine alkaloids
dc.subjectseed predation
dc.subjectUtetheisa ornatrix
dc.subjectHerbivore Deterrence
dc.subjectInsect Herbivores
dc.subjectPyrrolizidine Alkaloids
dc.subjectFloral Nectaries
dc.subjectAnt Predation
dc.subjectVisiting Ants
dc.subjectFruit-set
dc.subjectDefense
dc.subjectMutualism
dc.subjectPlant
dc.titleExtrafloral nectaries as a deterrent mechanism against seed predators in the chemically protected weed Crotalaria pallida (Leguminosae)
dc.typeArtículos de revistas


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