Kocuria rosea belongs to genus Kocuria (Micrococcaceae family, suborder Micrococcineae, order Actinomycetales) that includes about 11 species of bacteria. Usually, Kocuria sp are commensal organisms that colonize oropharynx, skin and mucous membrane Kocuria sp infections have been described in the last decade commonly affecting immunocompromised patients, using intravenous catheter or peritoneal dialysis. These patients had mainly bacteremia/recurrent sepsis. We hereby describe the case of a 10-year-old girl, immunocompetent, who had endocarditis/sepsis by K. rosea which was identified in five different blood cultures by Vitek 2 ID-GPC card (BioMérieux, France). Negative HIV serology, blood count within normal range of leukocytes/neutrophils and lymphocytes, normal fractions of the complement, normal level of immunoglobulins for the age lymphocyte immunophenotyping was also within the expected values. Thymus image was normal at chest MRI. No catheters were required. Identification of K. rosea was essential to this case, allowing the differentiation of coagulase-negative staphylococci and use of an effective antibiotic treatment. Careful laboratory analysis of Gram-positive blood-born infections may reveal more cases of Kocuria sp infections in immunocompetent patients, which may collaborate for a better understanding, prevention and early treatment of these infections in pediatrics.1918284Savini, V., Catavitello, C., Masciarelli, G., Drug sensitivity and clinical impact of members of the genus Kocuria (2010) J Med Microbiol, 59, pp. 1395-1402Becker, K., Rutsch, F., Uekötter, A., Kocuria rhizophila adds to the emerging spectrum of micrococcal species involved in human infections (2008) J Clin Microbiol, 46, pp. 3537-3539Dotis, J., Printza, N., Papachristou, F., Peritonitis attributable to Kocuria rosea in a pediatric peritoneal dialysis patient (2012) Perit Dial Int, 32, pp. 577-578Moissenet, D., Becker, K., Mérens, A., Persistent bloodstream infection with Kocuria rhizophila related to a damaged central catheter (2012) J Clin Microbiol, 50, pp. 1495-1498Chen, H.M., Chi, H., Chiu, N.C., Kocuria kristinae: a true pathogen in pediatric patients (2013) J Microbiol Immunol InfectKaradag Oncel, E., Boyraz, M.S., Kara, A., Black tongue associated with Kocuria (Micrococcus) kristinae bacteremia in a 4-month-old infant (2012) Eur J Pediatr, 171, p. 593Lai, C.C., Wang, J.Y., Lin, S.H., Catheter-related bacteraemia and infective endocarditis caused by Kocuria species (2011) Clin Microbiol Infect, 17, pp. 190-192Rushani, D., Kaufman, J.S., Ionescu-Ittu, R., Infective endocarditis in children with congenital heart disease: cumulative incidence and predictors (2013) Circulation, 128, pp. 1412-1419Srinivasa, K.H., Agrawal, N., Agarwal, A., Dancing vegetations: Kocuria rosea endocarditis (2013) BMJ Case Rep, 28Kumar, C.G., Sujitha, P., Kocuran an exopolysaccharide isolated from Kocuria rosea strain BS-1 and evaluation of its in vitro immunosuppression activities (2014) Enzyme Microb Technol, 55, pp. 113-120Ben-Ami, R., Navon-Venezia, S., Schwartz, D., Erroneous reporting of coagulase-negative staphylococci as Kocuria spp. by the Vitek 2 system (2005) J Clin Microbiol, 43, pp. 1448-1450Boudewijns, M., Vandeven, J., Verhaegen, J., Vitek 2 automated identification system and Kocuria kristinae (2005) J Clin Microbiol, 43, p. 5832