dc.creatorMaia A.L.
dc.creatorSiqueira D.R.
dc.creatorKulcsar M.A.V.
dc.creatorTincani A.J.
dc.creatorMazeto G.M.F.S.
dc.creatorMaciel L.M.Z.
dc.date2014
dc.date2015-06-25T17:59:55Z
dc.date2015-11-26T15:01:59Z
dc.date2015-06-25T17:59:55Z
dc.date2015-11-26T15:01:59Z
dc.date.accessioned2018-03-28T22:12:57Z
dc.date.available2018-03-28T22:12:57Z
dc.identifierArquivos Brasileiros De Endocrinologia E Metabologia. , v. 58, n. 7, p. 667 - 700, 2014.
dc.identifier10.1590/0004-2730000003427
dc.identifierhttp://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84908387333&partnerID=40&md5=d224bf17cd778288cef6d6fa7e09341f
dc.identifierhttp://www.repositorio.unicamp.br/handle/REPOSIP/87372
dc.identifierhttp://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/87372
dc.identifier2-s2.0-84908387333
dc.identifier.urihttp://repositorioslatinoamericanos.uchile.cl/handle/2250/1256382
dc.descriptionIntroduction: Medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) originates in the thyroid parafollicular cells and represents 3-4% of the malignant neoplasms that affect this gland. Approximately 25% of these cases are hereditary due to activating mutations in the REarranged during Transfection (RET) proto-oncogene. The course of MTC is indolent, and survival rates depend on the tumor stage at diagnosis. The present article describes clinical evidence-based guidelines for the diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up of MTC. Objective: The aim of the consensus described herein, which was elaborated by Brazilian experts and sponsored by the Thyroid Department of the Brazilian Society of Endocrinology and Metabolism, was to discuss the diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up of individuals with MTC in accordance with the latest evidence reported in the literature. Materials and methods: After clinical questions were elaborated, the available literature was initially surveyed for evidence in the MedLine-PubMed database, followed by the Embase and Scientific Electronic Library Online/Latin American and Caribbean Health Science Literature (SciELO/Lilacs) databases. The strength of evidence was assessed according to the Oxford classification of evidence levels, which is based on study design, and the best evidence available for each question was selected. Results: Eleven questions corresponded to MTC diagnosis, 8 corresponded to its surgical treatment, and 13 corresponded to follow-up, for a total of 32 recommendations. The present article discusses the clinical and molecular diagnosis, initial surgical treatment, and postoperative management of MTC, as well as the therapeutic options for metastatic disease. Conclusions: MTC should be suspected in individuals who present with thyroid nodules and family histories of MTC, associations with pheochromocytoma and hyperparathyroidism, and/or typical phenotypic characteristics such as ganglioneuromatosis and Marfanoid habitus. Fine-needle nodule aspiration, serum calcitonin measurements, and anatomical-pathological examinations are useful for diagnostic confirmation. Surgery represents the only curative therapeutic strategy. The therapeutic options for metastatic disease remain limited and are restricted to disease control. Judicious postoperative assessments that focus on the identification of residual or recurrent disease are of paramount importance when defining the follow-up and later therapeutic management strategies.
dc.description58
dc.description7
dc.description667
dc.description700
dc.descriptionDavies, L., Welch, H.G., Increasing incidence of thyroid cancer in the United States, 1973-2002 (2006) JAMA, 295, pp. 2164-2167
dc.descriptionPunales, M.K., Rocha, A.P., Gross, J.L., Maia, A.L., Medullary thyroid carcinoma: Clinical and oncological features and treatment (2004) Arq Bras Endocrinol Metabol, 48, pp. 137-146
dc.descriptionWells, S.A., Jr., Pacini, F., Robinson, B., Santoro, M., Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 and familial medullary thyroid carcinoma: An update (2013) J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 98, pp. 3149-3164
dc.descriptionEng, C., Smith, D.P., Mulligan, L.M., Nagai, M.A., Healey, C.S., Ponder, M.A., Point mutation within the tyrosine kinase domain of the RET proto-oncogene in multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2B and related sporadic tumours (1994) Hum Mol Genet, 3, pp. 237-241
dc.descriptionSiqueira, D.R., Romitti, M., Da Rocha, A.P., Ceolin, L., Meotti, C., Estivalet, A., The RET polymorphic allele S836S is associated with early metastatic disease in patients with hereditary or sporadic medullary thyroid carcinoma (2010) Endocr Relat Cancer, 17, pp. 953-963
dc.descriptionCohen, R., Campos, J.M., Salaun, C., Heshmati, H.M., Kraimps, J.L., Proye, C., Preoperative calcitonin levels are predictive of tumor size and postoperative calcitonin normalization in medullary thyroid carcinoma. Groupe d’Etudes des Tumeurs a Calcitonine (GETC) (2000) J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 85, pp. 919-922
dc.descriptionMachens, A., Schneyer, U., Holzhausen, H.J., Dralle, H., Prospects of remission in medullary thyroid carcinoma according to basal calcitonin level (2005) J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 90, pp. 2029-2034
dc.descriptionMoley, J., Debenedetti, M.K., Patterns of nodal metastases in palpable medullary thyroid carcinoma: Recommendations for extent of node dissection (1999) Ann Surg, 229, pp. 880-887
dc.descriptionScollo, C., Baudin, E., Travagli, J.P., Caillou, B., Bellon, N., Leboulleux, S., Rationale for central and bilateral lymph node dissection in sporadic and hereditary medullary thyroid cancer (2003) J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 88, pp. 2070-2075
dc.descriptionGiraudet, A.L., Vanel, D., Leboulleux, S., Auperin, A., Dromain, C., Chami, L., Imaging medullary thyroid carcinoma with persistent elevated calcitonin levels (2007) J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 92, pp. 4185-4190
dc.descriptionGirelli, M.E., Nacamulli, D., Pelizzo, M.R., De Vido, D., Mian, C., Piccolo, M., Medullary thyroid carcinoma: Clinical features and longterm follow-up of seventy-eight patients treated between 1969 and 1986 (1998) Thyroid, 8, pp. 517-523
dc.descriptionMachens, A., Lorenz, K., Dralle, H., Progression of medullary thyroid cancer in RET carriers of ATA class A and C mutations (2014) J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 99, pp. 286-292
dc.descriptionPunales, M.K., Graf, H., Gross, J.L., Maia, A.L., RET codon 634 mutations in multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2: Variable clinical features and clinical outcome (2003) J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 88, pp. 2644-2649
dc.descriptionMilos, I.N., Frank-Raue, K., Wohllk, N., Maia, A.L., Pusiol, E., Patocs, A., Age-related neoplastic risk profiles and penetrance estimations in multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2A caused by germ line RET Cys634Trp (TGC>TGG) mutation (2008) Endocr Relat Cancer, 15, pp. 1035-1041
dc.descriptionPelizzo, M.R., Boschin, I.M., Bernante, P., Toniato, A., Piotto, A., Pagetta, C., Natural history, diagnosis, treatment and outcome of medullary thyroid cancer: 37 years experience on 157 patients (2007) Eur J Surg Oncol, 33, pp. 493-497
dc.descriptionSiqueira, D.R., Ceolin, L., Ferreira, C.V., Romitti, M., Maia, S.C., Zanini Maciel, L.M., Role of ret genetic variants in MEN 2-associated pheochromocytoma (2014) Eur J Endocrinol, 170, pp. 821-828
dc.descriptionNunziata, V., Giannattasio, R., Di Giovanni, G., D’armiento, M.R., Mancini, M., Hereditary localized pruritus in affected members of a kindred with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2A (Sipple’s syndrome) (1989) Clin Endocrinol (Oxf), 30, pp. 57-63
dc.descriptionGagel, R.F., Levy, M.L., Donovan, D.T., Alford, B.R., Wheeler, T., Tschen, J.A., Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2a associated with cutaneous lichen amyloidosis (1989) Ann Intern Med, 111, pp. 802-806
dc.descriptionVaclavikova, E., Kavalcova, L., Skaba, R., Dvorakova, S., Macokova, P., Rouskova, B., Hirschsprung’s disease and medullary thyroid carcinoma: 15-year experience with molecular genetic screening of the RET proto-oncogene (2012) Pediatr Surg Int, 28 (2), pp. 123-128
dc.descriptionRomeo, G., Ceccherini, I., Celli, J., Priolo, M., Betsos, N., Bonardi, G., Association of multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 and Hirschsprung disease (1998) J Intern Med, 243, pp. 515-520
dc.descriptionBrandi, M.L., Gagel, R.F., Angeli, A., Bilezikian, J.P., Beck-Peccoz, P., Bordi, C., Guidelines for diagnosis and therapy of MEN type 1 and type 2 (2001) J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 86, pp. 5658-5671
dc.descriptionRoman, S., Lin, R., Sosa, J.A., Prognosis of medullary thyroid carcinoma: Demographic, clinical, and pathologic predictors of survival in 1252 cases (2006) Cancer, 107, pp. 2134-2142
dc.descriptionMachens, A., Lorenz, K., Dralle, H., Peak incidence of pheochromocytoma and primary hyperparathyroidism in multiple endocrine neoplasia 2: Need for age-adjusted biochemical screening (2013) J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 98, pp. 336-345
dc.descriptionRomei, C., Pardi, E., Cetani, F., Elisei, R., Genetic and clinical features of multiple endocrine neoplasia types 1 and 2 (2012) J Oncol, 2012, p. 705036
dc.descriptionSkinner, M.A., Debenedetti, M.K., Moley, J., Norton, J.A., Wells, S.A., Jr., Medullary thyroid carcinoma in children with multiple endocrine neoplasia types 2A and 2B (1996) J Pediatr Surg, 31, pp. 177-181
dc.descriptionQuayle, F.J., Fialkowski, E.A., Benveniste, R., Moley, J.F., Pheochromocytoma penetrance varies by RET mutation in MEN 2A (2007) Surgery, 142, pp. 800-805
dc.descriptionKraimps, J.L., Denizot, A., Carnaille, B., Henry, J.F., Proye, C., Bacourt, F., Primary hyperparathyroidism in multiple endocrine neoplasia type IIa: Retrospective French multicentric study. Groupe d’Etude des Tumeurs a Calcitonine (GETC, French Calcitonin Tumors Study Group), French Association of Endocrine Surgeons (1996) World J Surg, 20, pp. 808-812
dc.descriptionRaue, F., Kraimps, J.L., Dralle, H., Cougard, P., Proye, C., Frilling, A., Primary hyperparathyroidism in multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2A (1995) J Intern Med, 238, pp. 369-373
dc.descriptionMagalhaes, P.K., Antonini, S.R., De Paula, F.J., De Freitas, L.C., Maciel, L.M., Primary hyperparathyroidism as the first clinical manifestation of multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2A in a 5-year-old child (2011) Thyroid, 21, pp. 547-550
dc.descriptionMachens, A., Holzhausen, H.J., Dralle, H., Contralateral cervical and mediastinal lymph node metastasis in medullary thyroid cancer: Systemic disease? (2006) Surgery, 139, pp. 28-32
dc.descriptionTavares, M.R., Michaluart, P., Jr., Montenegro, F., Arap, S., Sodre, M., Takeda, F., Skip metastases in medullary thyroid carcinoma: A single-center experience (2008) Surg Today, 38, pp. 499-504
dc.descriptionLupone, G., Antonino, A., Rosato, A., Zenone, P., Iervolino, E.M., Grillo, M., Surgical strategy for the treatment of sporadic medullary thyroid carcinoma: Our experience (2012) G Chir, 33, pp. 395-399
dc.descriptionLevels of Evidence and Grades of Recommendations-Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine, , http://www.cebm.net/index.aspx?o=1025, Available at, Accessed on: Oct 1, 2014
dc.descriptionWeber, T., Schilling, T., Frank-Raue, K., Colombo-Benkmann, M., Hinz, U., Ziegler, R., Impact of modified radical neck dissection on biochemical cure in medullary thyroid carcinomas (2001) Surgery, 130, pp. 1044-1049
dc.descriptionMachens, A., Hauptmann, S., Dralle, H., Increased risk of lymph node metastasis in multifocal hereditary and sporadic medullary thyroid cancer (2007) World J Surg, 31, pp. 1960-1965
dc.descriptionDralle, H., Machens, A., Surgical management of the lateral neck compartment for metastatic thyroid cancer (2013) Curr Opin Oncol, 25, pp. 20-26
dc.descriptionGreene, F.L., Page, D.L., Fleming, I.D., Fritz, A., Balch, D.M., (2003) AJCC Cancer Staging Manual, , 6th edition. Springer Verlag, Chicago
dc.descriptionFranc, S., Niccoli-Sire, P., Cohen, R., Bardet, S., Maes, B., Murat, A., Complete surgical lymph node resection does not prevent authentic recurrences of medullary thyroid carcinoma (2001) Clin Endocrinol (Oxf), 55, pp. 403-409
dc.descriptionIto, Y., Miyauchi, A., Yabuta, T., Fukushima, M., Inoue, H., Tomoda, C., Alternative surgical strategies and favorable outcomes in patients with medullary thyroid carcinoma in Japan: Experience of a single institution (2009) World J Surg, 33, pp. 58-66
dc.descriptionMachens, A., Dralle H. Biological relevance of medullary thyroid microcarcinoma (2012) J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 97, pp. 1547-1553
dc.descriptionVan Heerden, J.A., Kent, R.B., Sizemore, G.W., Grant, C.S., Remine, W.H., Primary hyperparathyroidism in patients with multiple endocrine neoplasia syndromes (1983) Surgical experience. Arch Surg, 118, pp. 533-536
dc.descriptionHerfarth, K.K., Bartsch, D., Doherty, G.M., Wells, S.A., Jr., Lairmore, T.C., Surgical management of hyperparathyroidism in patients with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2A (1996) Surgery, 120, pp. 966-973
dc.descriptionScholten, A., Schreinemakers, J.M., Pieterman, C.R., Valk, G.D., Vriens, M.R., Borel Rinkes, I.H., Evolution of surgical treatment of primary hyperparathyroidism in patients with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2A (2011) Endocr Pract, 17, pp. 7-15
dc.descriptionRosario, P.W., Ward, L.S., Carvalho, G.A., Graf, H., Maciel, R.M., Maciel, L.M., Thyroid nodules and differentiated thyroid cancer: Update on the Brazilian consensus (2013) Arq Bras Endocrinol Metabol, 57, pp. 240-264
dc.descriptionOlson, J.A., Jr., Debenedetti, M.K., Baumann, D.S., Wells, S.A., Jr., Parathyroid autotransplantation during thyroidectomy. Results of longterm follow-up (1996) Ann Surg, 223, pp. 472-478
dc.descriptionMarcocci, C., Chanson, P., Shoback, D., Bilezikian, J., Fernandez-Cruz, L., Orgiazzi, J., Cinacalcet reduces serum calcium concentrations in patients with intractable primary hyperparathyroidism (2009) J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 94, pp. 2766-2772
dc.descriptionKunz, P.L., Reidy-Lagunes, D., Anthony, L.B., Bertino, E.M., Brendtro, K., Chan, J.A., Consensus guidelines for the management and treatment of neuroendocrine tumors (2013) Pancreas, 42, pp. 557-577
dc.descriptionSkinner, M.A., Moley, J., Dilley, W.G., Owzar, K., Debenedetti, M.K., Wells, S.A., Jr., Prophylactic thyroidectomy in multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2A (2005) N Engl J Med, 353, pp. 1105-1113
dc.descriptionGreenblatt, D.Y., Elson, D., Mack, E., Chen, H., Initial lymph node dissection increases cure rates in patients with medullary thyroid cancer (2007) Asian J Surg, 30, pp. 108-112
dc.descriptionMachens, A., Gimm, O., Ukkat, J., Hinze, R., Schneyer, U., Dralle, H., Improved prediction of calcitonin normalization in medullary thyroid carcinoma patients by quantitative lymph node analysis (2000) Cancer, 88, pp. 1909-1915
dc.descriptionTuttle, R.M., Ganly, I., Risk stratification in medullary thyroid cancer: Moving beyond static anatomic staging (2013) Oral Oncol, 49, pp. 695-701
dc.descriptionDralle, H., Damm, I., Scheumann, G.F., Kotzerke, J., Kupsch, E., Geerlings, H., Compartment-oriented microdissection of regional lymph nodes in medullary thyroid carcinoma (1994) Surg Today, 24, pp. 112-121
dc.descriptionMachens, A., Hauptmann, S., Dralle, H., Prediction of lateral lymph node metastases in medullary thyroid cancer (2008) Br J Surg, 95, pp. 586-591
dc.descriptionChen, H., Sippel, R.S., O’dorisio, M.S., Vinik, A.I., Lloyd, R.V., Pacak, K., North American Neuroendocrine Tumor Society (NANETS) (2010) The North American Neuroendocrine Tumor Society consensus guideline for the diagnosis and management of neuroendocrine tumors: Pheochromocytoma, paraganglioma, and medullary thyroid cancer, pp. 39775-39783. , Pancreas
dc.descriptionSteiner, A.L., Goodman, A.D., Powers, S.R., Study of a kindred with pheochromocytoma, medullary thyroid carcinoma, hyperparathyroidism and Cushing’s disease: Multiple endocrine neoplasia, type 2 (1968) Medicine, 47, pp. 371-409
dc.descriptionCastinetti, F., Qi, X.P., Walz, M.K., Maia, A.L., Sanso, G., Peczkowska, M., Outcomes of adrenal-sparing surgery or total adrenalectomy in phaeochromocytoma associated with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2: An international retrospective population-based study (2014) Lancet Oncol, 15, pp. 648-655
dc.descriptionStepanas, A.V., Samaan, N.A., Hill, C.S., Jr., Hickey, R.C., Medullary thyroid carcinoma: Importance of serial serum calcitonin measurement (1979) Cancer, 43, pp. 825-837
dc.descriptionFugazzola, L., Pinchera, A., Luchetti, F., Iacconi, P., Miccoli, P., Romei, C., Disappearance rate of serum calcitonin after total thyroidectomy for medullary thyroid carcinoma (1994) Int J Biol Markers, 9, pp. 21-24
dc.descriptionTisell, L.E., Dilley, W.G., Wells, S.A., Jr., Progression of postoperative residual medullary thyroid carcinoma as monitored by plasma calcitonin levels (1996) Surgery, 119, pp. 34-39
dc.descriptionIsmailov, S.I., Piulatova, N.R., Postoperative calcitonin study in medullary thyroid carcinoma (2004) Endocr Relat Cancer, 11, pp. 357-363
dc.descriptionHenriksen, J.H., Schifter, S., Moller, S., Bendtsen, F., Increased circulating calcitonin in cirrhosis. Relation to severity of disease and calcitonin gene-related peptide (2000) Metabolism, 49, pp. 47-52
dc.descriptionAustin, L.A., Heath, H., Calcitonin: Physiology and pathophysiology (1981) N Engl J Med, 304, pp. 269-278
dc.descriptionDralle, H., Damm, I., Scheumann, G.F., Kotzerke, J., Kupsch, E., Frequency and significance of cervicomediastinal lymph node metastases in medullary thyroid carcinoma: Results of a compartment-oriented microdissection method (1992) Henry Ford Hosp Med J, 40, pp. 264-267
dc.descriptionBusnardo, B., Girelli, M.E., Sim
dc.descriptionPapaparaskeva, K., Nagel, H., Droese, M., Cytologic diagnosis of medullary carcinoma of the thyroid gland (2000) Diagn Cytopathol, 22, pp. 351-358
dc.descriptionEssig, G.F., Jr., Porter, K., Schneider, D., Debora, A., Lindsey, S.C., Busonero, G., Fine needle aspiration and medullary thyroid carcinoma: The risk of inadequate preoperative evaluation and initial surgery when relying upon FNAB cytology alone (2013) Endocr Pract, 19, pp. 920-927
dc.descriptionBugalho, M.J., Santos, J.R., Sobrinho, L., Preoperative diagnosis of medullary thyroid carcinoma: Fine needle aspiration cytology as compared with serum calcitonin measurement (2005) J Surg Oncol, 91, pp. 56-60
dc.descriptionChang, T.C., Wu, S.L., Hsiao, Y.L., Medullary thyroid carcinoma: Pitfalls in diagnosis by fine needle aspiration cytology and relationship of cytomorphology to RET proto-oncogene mutations (2005) Acta Cytol, 49, pp. 477-482
dc.descriptionShah, S.S., Faquin, W.C., Izquierdo, R., Khurana, K.K., FNA of misclassified primary malignant neoplasms of the thyroid: Impact on clinical management (2009) Cytojournal, 6, p. 1
dc.descriptionForrest, C.H., Frost, F.A., De Boer, W.B., Spagnolo, D.V., Whitaker, D., Sterrett, B.F., Medullary carcinoma of the thyroid: Accuracy of diagnosis of fine-needle aspiration cytology (1998) Cancer, 84, pp. 295-302
dc.descriptionBoi, F., Maurelli, I., Pinna, G., Atzeni, F., Piga, M., Lai, M.L., Calcitonin measurement in wash-out fluid from fine needle aspiration of neck masses in patients with primary and metastatic medullary thyroid carcinoma (2007) J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 92, pp. 2115-2118
dc.descriptionSiqueira, D., Rocha, A.P., Punales, M.K., Maia, A.L., Identification of occult metastases of medullary thyroid carcinoma by calcitonin measurement in washout fluid from fine needle aspiration of cervical lymph node (2009) Arq Bras Endocrinol Metabol, 53, pp. 479-481
dc.descriptionTrimboli, P., Cremonini, N., Ceriani, L., Saggiorato, E., Guidobaldi, L., Romanelli, F., Calcitonin measurement in aspiration needle washout fluids has higher sensitivity than cytology in detecting medullary thyroid cancer: A retrospective multicentre study (2014) Clin Endocrinol, 80, pp. 135-140
dc.descriptionTakeichi, N., Ito, H., Okamoto, H., Matsuyama, T., Tahara, E., Dohi, K., The significance of immunochemically staining calcitonin and CEA in fine-needle aspiration biopsy materials from medullary carcinoma of the thyroid (1989) Jpn J Surg, 19, pp. 674-678
dc.descriptionTakano, T., Miyauchi, A., Matsuzuka, F., Liu, G., Higashiyama, T., Yokozawa, T., Preoperative diagnosis of medullary thyroid carcinoma by RT-PCR using RNA extracted from leftover cells within a needle used for fine needle aspiration biopsy (1999) J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 84, pp. 951-955
dc.descriptionNesland, J.M., Sobrinho-Simoes, M., Johannessen, J.V., Scanning electron microscopy of the human thyroid gland and its disorders (1987) Scanning Microsc, 1, pp. 1797-1810
dc.descriptionChang, T.C., Lai, S.M., Wen, C.Y., Hsiao, Y.L., Huang, S.H., Three-dimensional cytomorphology in fine needle aspiration biopsy of medullary thyroid carcinoma (2001) Acta Cytol, 45, pp. 980-984
dc.descriptionCostante, G., Meringolo, D., Durante, C., Bianchi, D., Nocera, M., Tumino, S., Predictive value of serum calcitonin levels for preoperative diagnosis of medullary thyroid carcinoma in a cohort of 5817 consecutive patients with thyroid nodules (2007) J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 92, pp. 450-455
dc.descriptionKarges, W., Dralle, H., Raue, F., Mann, K., Reiners, C., Grussendorf, M., Calcitonin measurement to detect medullary thyroid carcinoma in nodular goiter: German evidence-based consensus recommendation (2004) Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes, 112, pp. 52-58
dc.descriptionPina, G., Dubois, S., Murat, A., Berger, N., Niccoli, P., Peix JL, et al Groupe des Tumeurs Endocrines. Is basal ultrasensitive measurement of calcitonin capable of substituting for the pentagastrinstimulation test? (2013) Clin Endocrinol (Oxf), 78, pp. 358-364
dc.descriptionColombo, C., Verga, U., Mian, C., Ferrero, S., Perrino, M., Vicentini, L., Comparison of calcium and pentagastrin tests for the diagnosis and follow-up of medullary thyroid cancer (2012) J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 97, pp. 905-913
dc.descriptionMian, C., Perrino, M., Colombo, C., Cavedon, E., Pennelli, G., Ferrero, S., Refining calcium test for the diagnosis of medullary thyroid cancer: Cutoffs, procedures, and safety (2014) J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 99, pp. 1656-1664
dc.descriptionTashijan, A.H., Jr., Howland, B.G., Melvin, K.E., Hill, C.S., Jr., Immunoassay of human calcitonin (1970) N Engl J Med, 283, pp. 890-895
dc.descriptionKaranikas, G., Moameni, A., Poetzi, C., Zettinig, G., Kaserer, K., Bieglmayer, C., Frequency and relevance of elevated calcitonin levels in patients with neoplastic and nonneoplastic thyroid disease and in healthy subjects (2004) J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 89, pp. 515-519
dc.descriptionPreissner, C.M., Dodge, L.A., O’kane, D.J., Singh, R.J., Grebe, S.K., Prevalence of heterophilic antibody interference in eight automated tumor marker immunoassays (2005) Clin Chem, 51, pp. 208-210
dc.descriptionRosario, P.W., Calsolari MR. influence of chronic autoimmune thyroiditis and papillary thyroid cancer on serum calcitonin levels (2013) Thyroid, 23, pp. 671-674
dc.descriptionLeboeuf, R., Langlois, M.F., Martin, M., Ahnadi, C.E., Fink GD. “Hook effect” in calcitonin immunoradiometric assay in patients with metastatic medullary thyroid carcinoma: Case report and review of the literature (2006) J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 91, pp. 361-364
dc.descriptionDora, J.M., Canalli, M.H., Capp, C., Punales, M.K., Vieira, J.G., Maia, A.L., Normal perioperative serum calcitonin levels in patients with advanced medullary thyroid carcinoma: Case report and review of the literature (2008) Thyroid, 18, pp. 895-899
dc.descriptionHasselgren, M., Hegedus, L., Godballe, C., Bonnema, S.J., Benefit of measuring basal serum calcitonin to detect medullary thyroid carcinoma in a Danish population with a high prevalence of thyroid nodules (2010) Head Neck, 32, pp. 612-618
dc.descriptionPapi, G., Corsello, S.M., Cioni, K., Pizzini, A.M., Corrado, S., Carapezzi, C., Value of routine measurement of serum calcitonin concentrations in patients with nodular thyroid disease: A multicenter study (2006) J Endocrinol Invest, 29, pp. 427-437
dc.descriptionElisei, R., Bottici, V., Luchetti, F., Di Coscio, G., Romei, C., Grasso, L., Impact of routine measurement of serum calcitonin on the diagnosis and outcome of medullary thyroid cancer: Experience in 10,864 patients with nodular thyroid disorders (2004) J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 89, pp. 163-168
dc.descriptionBorget, I., De Pouvourville, G., Schlumberger, M., Editorial: Calcitonin determination in patients with nodular thyroid disease (2007) J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 92, pp. 425-427
dc.descriptionCheung, K., Roman, S.A., Wang, T.S., Walker, H.D., Sosa, J.A., Calcitonin measurement in the evaluation of thyroid nodules in the United States: A cost-effectiveness and decision analysis (2008) J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 93, pp. 2173-2180
dc.descriptionRieu, M., Lame, M.C., Richard, A., Lissak, B., Sambort, B., Vuong-Ngoc, P., Prevalence of sporadic medullary thyroid carcinoma: The importance of routine measurement of serum calcitonin in the diagnostic evaluation of thyroid nodules (1995) Clin Endocrinol (Oxf), 42, pp. 453-460
dc.descriptionOzgen, A.G., Hamulu, F., Bayraktar, F., Yilmaz, C., Tuzun, M., Yetkin, E., Evaluation of routine basal serum calcitonin measurement for early diagnosis of medullary thyroid carcinoma in seven hundred seventy-three patients with nodular goiter (1999) Thyroid, 9, pp. 579-582
dc.descriptionHahm, J.R., Lee, M.S., Min, Y.K., Lee, M.K., Kim, K.W., Nam, S.J., Routine measurement of serum calcitonin is useful for early detec tion of medullary thyroid carcinoma in patients with nodular thyroid diseases (2001) Thyroid, 11, pp. 73-80
dc.descriptionAhmed, S.R., Ball, D.W., Clinical review: Incidentally discovered medullary thyroid cancer: Diagnostic strategies and treatment (2011) J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 96, pp. 1237-1245
dc.descriptionElisei, R., Routine serum calcitonin measurement in the evaluation of thyroid nodules (2008) Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab, 22, pp. 941-953
dc.descriptionVierhapper, H., Raber, W., Bieglmayer, C., Kaserer, K., Weinhausl, A., Niederle, B., Routine measurement of plasma calcitonin in nodular thyroid diseases (1997) J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 82, pp. 1589-1593
dc.descriptionPacini, F., Fontanelli, M., Fugazzola, L., Elisei, R., Romei, C., Di Coscio, G., Routine measurement of serum calcitonin in nodular thyroid diseases allows the preoperative diagnosis of unsuspected sporadic medullary thyroid carcinoma (1994) J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 78, pp. 826-829
dc.descriptionSaid, S.I., Evidence for secretion of vasoactive intestinal peptide by tumours of pancreas, adrenal medulla, thyroid and lung: Support for the unifying APUD concept (1976) Clin Endocrinol (Oxf), 5, pp. 201S-204S
dc.descriptionHolm, R., Sobrinho-Simoes, M., Nesland, J.M., Gould, V.E., Johannessen, J.V., Medullary carcinoma of the thyroid gland: An immunocytochemical study (1985) Ultrastruct Pathol, 8, pp. 25-41
dc.descriptionPacini, F., Castagna, M.G., Cipri, C., Schlumberger, M., Medullary thyroid carcinoma (2010) Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol), 22, pp. 475-485
dc.descriptionMachens, A., Ukkat, J., Hauptmann, S., Dralle, H., Abnormal carcinoembryonic antigen levels and medullary thyroid cancer progression: A multivariate analysis (2007) Arch Surg, 142, pp. 289-293
dc.descriptionMachens, A., Dralle, H., Biomarker-based risk stratification for previously untreated medullary thyroid cancer (2010) J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 95, pp. 2655-2663
dc.descriptionPeccin, S., De Castsro, J.A., Furlanetto, T.W., Furtado, A.P., Brasil, B.A., Czepielewski, M.A., Ultrasonography: Is it useful in the diagnosis of cancer in thyroid nodules? (2002) J Endocrinol Invest, 25, pp. 39-43
dc.descriptionAlexander, E.K., Marqusee, E., Orcutt, J., Benson, C.B., Frates, M.C., Doubilet, P.M., Thyroid nodule shape and prediction of malignancy (2004) Thyroid, 14, pp. 953-958
dc.descriptionTomimori, E.K., Bisi, H., Medeiros-Neto, G., Camargo RY. [Ultrasonographic evaluation of thyroid nodules: Comparison with cytologic and histologic diagnosis] (2004) Arq Bras Endocrinol Metabol, 48, pp. 105-113
dc.descriptionSaller, B., Moeller, L., Gorges, R., Janssen, O.E., Mann, K., Role of conventional ultrasound and color Doppler sonography in the diagnosis of medullary thyroid carcinoma (2002) Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes, 110, pp. 403-407
dc.descriptionGorman, B., Charboneau, J.W., James, E.M., Reading, C.C., Wold, L.E., Grant, C.S., Medullary thyroid carcinoma: Role of high-resolution US (1987) Radiology, 162, pp. 147-150
dc.descriptionKouvaraki, M.A., Shapiro, S.E., Fornage, B.D., Edeiken-Monro, B.S., Sherman, S.I., Vassilopoulou-Sellin, R., Role of preoperative ultrasonography in the surgical management of patients with thyroid cancer (2003) Surgery, 134, pp. 946-954
dc.descriptionHwang, H.S., Orloff, L.A., Efficacy of preoperative neck ultrasound in the detection of cervical lymph node metastasis from thyroid cancer (2011) Laryngoscope, 121, pp. 487-491
dc.descriptionAhn, J.E., Lee, J.H., Yi, J.S., Shong, Y.K., Hong, S.J., Lee, D.H., Diagnostic accuracy of CT and ultrasonography for evaluating metastatic cervical lymph nodes in patients with thyroid cancer (2008) World J Surg, 32, pp. 1552-1558
dc.descriptionMoley, J., Brother, M.B., Wells, S.A., Spengler, B.A., Biedler, J.L., Brodeur, G.M., Low frequency of ras gene mutations in neuroblastomas, pheochromocytomas, and medullary thyroid cancers (1991) Cancer Res, 51, pp. 1596-1599
dc.descriptionKebebew, E., Ituarte, P.H., Siperstein, A.E., Duh, Q.Y., Clark, O.H., Medullary thyroid carcinoma: Clinical characteristics, treatment, prognostic factors, and a comparison of staging systems (2000) Cancer, 88, pp. 1139-1148
dc.descriptionBergholm, U., Adami, H.O., Bergstrom, R., Johansson, H., Lundell, G., Telenius-Berg, M., Clinical characteristics in sporadic and familial medullary thyroid carcinoma. A nationwide study of 249 patients in Sweden from 1959 through 1981 (1989) Cancer, 63, pp. 1196-1204
dc.descriptionYen, T.W., Shapiro, S.E., Gagel, R.F., Sherman, S.I., Lee, J.E., Evans, D.B., Medullary thyroid carcinoma: Results of a standardized surgical approach in a contemporary series of 80 consecutive patients (2003) Surgery, 134, pp. 890-899
dc.descriptionKramer, C.K., Leitao, C.B., Azevedo, M.J., Canani, L.H., Maia, A.L., Czepielewski, M., Degree of catecholamine hypersecretion is the most important determinant of intra-operative hemodynamic outcomes in pheochromocytoma (2009) J Endocrinol Invest, 32, pp. 234-237
dc.descriptionPereira, M.A., Souza, B.F., Freire, D.S., Lucon, A.M., Pheochromocytoma (2004) Arq Bras Endocrinol Metabol, 48, pp. 751-775
dc.descriptionLenders, J.W., Eisenhofer, G., Mannelli, M., Pacak, K., Phaeochromocytoma (2005) Lancet, 366, pp. 665-675
dc.descriptionMachens, A., Brauckhoff, M., Holzhausen, H.J., Thanh, P.N., Lehnert, H., Dralle, H., Codon-specific development of pheochromocytoma in multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 (2005) J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 90, pp. 3999-4003
dc.descriptionKloos, R.T., Eng, C., Evans, D.B., Francis, G.L., Gagel, R.F., Gharib, H., Medullary thyroid cancer: Management guidelines of the American Thyroid Association (2009) Thyroid, 19, pp. 565-612
dc.descriptionRodriguez, J.M., Balsalobre, M., Ponce, J.L., Rios, A., Torregrosa, N.M., Tebar, J., Pheochromocytoma in MEN 2A syndrome. Study of 54 patients (2008) World J Surg, 32, pp. 2520-2526
dc.descriptionLenders, J.W., Pacak, K., Walther, M.M., Linehan, W.M., Mannelli, M., Friberg, P., Biochemical diagnosis of pheochromocytoma: Which test is best? (2002) JAMA, 287, pp. 1427-1434
dc.descriptionBoyle, J.G., Davidson, D.F., Perry, C.G., Connell, J.M., Comparison of diagnostic accuracy of urinary free metanephrines, vanillyl mandelic Acid, and catecholamines and plasma catecholamines for diagnosis of pheochromocytoma (2007) J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 92, pp. 4602-4608
dc.descriptionSawka, A.M., Jaeschke, R., Singh, R.J., Young, W.F., Jr., A comparison of biochemical tests for pheochromocytoma: Measurement of fractionated plasma metanephrines compared with the combination of 24-hour urinary metanephrines and catecholamines (2003) J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 88, pp. 553-558
dc.descriptionEisenhofer, G., Goldstein, D.S., Walther, M.M., Friberg, P., Lenders, J.W., Keiser, H.R., Biochemical diagnosis of pheochromocytoma: How to distinguish true-from false-positive test results (2003) J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 88, pp. 2656-2666
dc.descriptionPacak, K., Ilias, I., Adams, K.T., Eisenhofer, G., Biochemical diagnosis, localization and management of pheochromocytoma: Focus on multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 in relation to other hereditary syndromes and sporadic forms of the tumour (2005) J Intern Med, 257, pp. 60-68
dc.descriptionPomares, F.J., Canas, R., Rodriguez, J.M., Hernandez, A.M., Parrilla, P., Tebar, F.J., Differences between sporadic and multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2A phaeochromocytoma (1998) Clin Endocrinol (Oxf), 48, pp. 195-200
dc.descriptionHamrahian, A.H., Ioachimescu, A.G., Remer, E.M., Motta-Ramirez, G., Bogabathina, H., Levin, H.S., Clinical utility of noncontrast computed tomography attenuation value (hounsfield units) to differentiate adrenal adenomas/hyperplasias from nonadenomas: Cleveland Clinic experience (2005) J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 90, pp. 871-877
dc.descriptionSzolar, D.H., Korobkin, M., Reittner, P., Berghold, A., Bauernhofer, T., Trummer, H., Adrenocortical carcinomas and adrenal pheo-chromocytomas: Mass and enhancement loss evaluation at delayed contrast-enhanced CT (2005) Radiology, 234, pp. 479-485
dc.descriptionPena, C.S., Boland, G.W., Hahn, P.F., Lee, M.J., Mueller, P.R., Characterization of indeterminate (lipid-poor) adrenal masses: Use of washout characteristics at contrast-enhanced CT (2000) Radiology, 217, pp. 798-802
dc.descriptionKouvaraki, M.A., Shapiro, S.E., Perrier, N.D., Cote, G.J., Gagel, R.F., Hoff, A.O., RET proto-oncogene: A review and update of genotypephenotype correlations in hereditary medullary thyroid cancer and associated endocrine tumors (2005) Thyroid, 15, pp. 531-544
dc.descriptionSchuffenecker, I., Virally-Monod, M., Brohet, R., Goldgar, D., Conte-Devolx, B., Leclerc, L., Risk and penetrance of primary hyperparathyroidism in multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2A families with mutations at codon 634 of the RET proto-oncogene. Groupe D’etude des Tumeurs a Calcitonine (1998) J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 83 (2), pp. 487-491
dc.descriptionCeolin, L., Siqueira, D.R., Romitti, M., Ferreira, C.V., Maia, A.L., Molecular basis of medullary thyroid carcinoma: The role of RET polymorphisms (2012) Int J Mol Sci, 13, pp. 221-239
dc.descriptionMachens, A., Gimm, O., Hinze, R., Hoppner, W., Boehm, B.O., Dralle, H., Genotype-phenotype correlations in hereditary medullary thyroid carcinoma: Oncological features and biochemical properties (2001) J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 86, pp. 1104-1109
dc.descriptionPonder, B.A., The phenotypes associated with RET mutations in the multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 syndrome (1999) Cancer Res, 59, pp. 1736s-1741s
dc.descriptionLips, C.J., Landsvater, R.M., Hoppener, J.W., Geerdink, R.A., Blijham, G., Van Veen, J.M., Clinical screening as compared with DNA analysis in families with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2A (1994) N Engl J Med, 331, pp. 828-835
dc.descriptionVieira, A.E., Mello, M.P., Elias, L.L., Lau, I.F., Maciel, L.M., Moreira, A.C., Molecular and biochemical screening for the diagnosis and management of medullary thyroid carcinoma in multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2A (2002) Horm Metab Res, 34, pp. 202-206
dc.descriptionFrilling, A., Dralle, H., Eng, C., Raue, F., Broelsch, C.E., Presymptomatic DNA screening in families with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 and familial medullary thyroid carcinoma (1995) Surgery, 118, pp. 1099-1103
dc.descriptionEng, C., Clayton, D., Schuffenecker, I., Lenoir, G., Cote, G., Gagel, R.F., The relationship between specific RET proto-oncogene mutations and disease phenotype in multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2. International RET mutation consortium analysis (1996) JAMA, 276, pp. 1575-1579
dc.descriptionBugalho, M.J., Domingues, R., Santos, J.R., Catarino, A.L., Sobrinho, L., Mutation analysis of the RET proto-oncogene and early thyroidectomy: Results of a Portuguese cancer centre (2007) Surgery, 141, pp. 90-95
dc.descriptionWiench, M., Wygoda, Z., Gubala, E., Wloch, J., Lisowska, K., Krassowski, J., Estimation of risk of inherited medullary thyroid carcinoma in apparent sporadic patients (2001) J Clin Oncol, 19, pp. 1374-1380
dc.descriptionElisei, R., Romei, C., Cosci, B., Agate, L., Bottici, V., Molinaro, E., RET genetic screening in patients with medullary thyroid cancer and their relatives: Experience with 807 individuals at one center (2007) J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 92, pp. 4725-4729
dc.descriptionRomei, C., Cosci, B., Renzini, G., Bottici, V., Molinaro, E., Agate, L., RET genetic screening of sporadic medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) allows the preclinical diagnosis of unsuspected gene carriers and the identification of a relevant percentage of hidden familial MTC (FMTC) (2011) Clin Endocrinol (Oxf), 74, pp. 241-247
dc.descriptionMaia, A.L., Punales, M.K., Mazeto, G., Caldas, G., Ward, L.S., Kimura, E.T., Carcinoma medular de tireoide: Diagnostico. Diretrizes Clinicas na Saude Suplementar da Associacao Medica Brasileira e Agencia Nacional de Saude Suplementar 2011, , http://www.projetodiretrizes.org.br/ans/diretrizes/cancer_medular_de_tireoide-diagnostico.pdf, Available at, Accessed on: Oct 1, 2014
dc.descriptionElisei, R., Alevizaki, M., Conte-Devolx, B., Frank-Raue, K., Leite, V., Williams GR. 2012 European thyroid association guidelines for genetic testing and its clinical consequences in medullary thyroid cancer (2013) Eur Thyroid J, 1, pp. 216-231
dc.descriptionMiccoli, P., Elisei, R., Donatini, G., Materazzi, G., Berti, P., Video-assisted central compartment lymphadenectomy in a patient with a positive RET oncogene: Initial experience (2007) Surg Endosc, 21, pp. 120-123
dc.descriptionPunales, M.K., Da Rocha, A.P., Meotti, C., Gross, J.L., Maia, A.L., Clinical and oncological features of children and young adults with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2A (2008) Thyroid, 18, pp. 1261-1268
dc.relationArquivos Brasileiros de Endocrinologia e Metabologia
dc.rightsfechado
dc.sourceScopus
dc.titleDiagnosis, Treatment, And Follow-up Of Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma: Recommendations By The Thyroid Department Of The Brazilian Society Of Endocrinology And Metabolism [diagnóstico, Tratamento E Seguimento Do Carcinoma Medular De Tireoide: Recomendações Do Departamento De Tireoide Da Sociedade Brasileira De Endocrinologia E Metabologia]
dc.typeArtículos de revistas


Este ítem pertenece a la siguiente institución