| dc.creator | de Carvalho G.A. | |
| dc.creator | Silva Perez C.L. | |
| dc.creator | Sterian Ward L. | |
| dc.date | 2013 | |
| dc.date | 2015-06-25T19:14:35Z | |
| dc.date | 2015-11-26T14:57:35Z | |
| dc.date | 2015-06-25T19:14:35Z | |
| dc.date | 2015-11-26T14:57:35Z | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2018-03-28T22:09:23Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2018-03-28T22:09:23Z | |
| dc.identifier | | |
| dc.identifier | Arquivos Brasileiros De Endocrinologia E Metabologia. , v. 57, n. 3, p. 193 - 204, 2013. | |
| dc.identifier | 42730 | |
| dc.identifier | 10.1590/S0004-27302013000300005 | |
| dc.identifier | http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84878073818&partnerID=40&md5=717e8e1c70d882a290a5c6fabb9c59bb | |
| dc.identifier | http://www.repositorio.unicamp.br/handle/REPOSIP/89102 | |
| dc.identifier | http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/89102 | |
| dc.identifier | 2-s2.0-84878073818 | |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://repositorioslatinoamericanos.uchile.cl/handle/2250/1255677 | |
| dc.description | Laboratory tests are essential for the accurate diagnosis and cost-effective monitoring of thyroid dysfunction. Hormone levels can only confirm a diagnosis when there is a high level of clinical suspicion. For most patients, symptoms are nonspecific and subtle, so biochemical tests are necessary to identify the disorder. The purpose of this article is to critically analyze the use of standard thyroid function tests, which include measuring the levels of serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), thyroid hormones and antithyroid antibodies. The pitfalls of and impediments to the routine use of these tests are discussed based on a Medline database survey, and recommendations are presented to optimize the use of these diagnostic tools in clinical practice. | |
| dc.description | 57 | |
| dc.description | 3 | |
| dc.description | 193 | |
| dc.description | 204 | |
| dc.description | Ladenson, P.W., Singer, P.A., Ain, K.B., Bagchi, N., Bigos, S.T., Levy, E.G., American Thyroid Association guidelines for detection of thyroid dysfunction (2000) Arch Intern Med., 160, pp. 1573-1575 | |
| dc.description | Baloch, Z., Carayon, P., Conte-Devolx, B., Demers, L.M., Feldt-Rasmussen, U., Henry, J.F., Guidelines Committee, National Academy of Clinical Biochemistry, Laboratory medicine practice guidelines. Laboratory support for the diagnosis and monitoring of thyroid disease (2003) Thyroid., 13, pp. 3-126 | |
| dc.description | Spencer, C.A., LoPresti, J.S., Patel, A., Guttler, R.B., Eigen, A., Shen, D., Applications of a new chemiluminometric thyrotropin assay to subnormal measurement (1990) J Clin Endocrinol Metab., 70, pp. 453-460 | |
| dc.description | Andersen, S., Pedersen, K.M., Bruun, N.H., Laurberg, P., Narrow individual variations in serum T(4) and T(3) in normal subjects: A clue to understanding of subclinical thyroid disease (2002) J Clin Endocrinol Metab., 87, pp. 1068-1072 | |
| dc.description | Chin, W.W., Carr, F.E., Burnside, J., Darling, D.S., Thyroid hormone regulation of thyrotropin gene expression (1993) Recent Prog Horm Res., 48, pp. 393-414 | |
| dc.description | Wardle, C.A., Fraser, W.D., Squire, C.R., Pitfalls in the use of thyrotropin concentration as a first-line thyroid-function test (2001) Lancet., 357, pp. 1013-1014 | |
| dc.description | van Herle, A.J., Uller, R.P., Matthews, N.I., Brown, J., Radioimmunoassay for measurement of thyroglobulin in human serum (1973) J Clin Invest., 52, pp. 1320-1327 | |
| dc.description | de Rosa, G., Testa, A., Giacomini, D., Carrozza, C., Maussier, M.L., Valenza, V., Comparison between TRH-stimulated TSH and basal TSH measurement by a commercial immunoradiometric assay in the management of thyroid disease (1996) Q J Nucl Med., 40, pp. 182-187 | |
| dc.description | Sánchez-Carbayo, M., Mauri, M., Alfayate, R., Miralles, C., Soria, F., Analytical and clinical evaluation of TSH and thyroid hormones by electrochemiluminescent immunoassays (1999) Clin Biochem., 32, pp. 395-403 | |
| dc.description | Hershman, J.M., Pekary, A.E., Berg, L., Solomon, D.H., Sawin, C.T., Serum thyrotropin and thyroid hormone levels in elderly and middleaged euthyroid persons (1993) J Am Geriatr Soc., 41, pp. 823-828 | |
| dc.description | Brabant, G., Prank, K., Ranft, U., Schuermeyer, T., Wagner, T.O., Hauser, H., Physiological regulation of circadian and pulsatile thyrotropin secretion in normal man and woman (1990) J Clin Endocrinol Metab., 70, pp. 403-409 | |
| dc.description | Biondi, B., Cooper, D.S., The clinical significance of subclinical thyroid dysfunction (2008) Endocr Rev., 29, pp. 76-131 | |
| dc.description | Surks, M.I., Ortiz, E., Daniels, G.H., Sawin, C.T., Col, N.F., Cobin, R.H., Subclinical thyroid disease: Scientific review and guidelines for diagnosis and management (2004) JAMA., 291, pp. 228-238 | |
| dc.description | Wartofsky, L., Dickey, R.A., The evidence for a narrower thyrotropin reference range is compelling (2005) J Clin Endocrinol Metab., 90, pp. 5483-5488 | |
| dc.description | Vanderpump, M.P., Tunbridge, W.M., French, J.M., Appleton, D., Bates, D., Clark, F., The incidence of thyroid disorders in the community: A twenty-year follow-up of the Whickham Survey (1995) Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)., 43, pp. 55-68 | |
| dc.description | Völzke, H., Alte, D., Kohlmann, T., Lüdemann, J., Nauck, M., John, U., Reference intervals of serum thyroid function tests in a previously iodine-deficient area (2005) Thyroid., 15, pp. 279-285 | |
| dc.description | Hollowell, J.G., Staehling, N.W., Flanders, W.D., Gunter, E.W., Spencer, C.A., Braverman, L.E., Serum TSH, T4, and thyroid antibodies in the United States population (1988 to 1994): National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III) (2002) J Clin Endocrinol Metab., 87, pp. 489-499 | |
| dc.description | Surks, M.I., Goswami, G., Daniels, G.H., The thyrotropin reference range should remain unchanged (2005) J Clin Endocrinol Metab., 90, pp. 5489-5496 | |
| dc.description | Brabant, G., Beck-Peccoz, P., Jarzab, B., Laurberg, P., Orgiazzi, J., Szabolcs, I., Is there a need to redefine the upper normal limit of TSH? (2006) Eur J Endocrinol., 154, pp. 633-637 | |
| dc.description | Rodondi, N., den Elzen, W.P., Bauer, D.C., Cappola, A.R., Razvi, S., Walsh, J.P., Thyroid Studies Collaboration. Subclinical hypothyroidism and the risk of coronary heart disease and mortality (2010) JAMA., 304, pp. 1365-1374 | |
| dc.description | Gussekloo, J., van Exel, E., de Craen, A.J., Meinders, A.E., Frölich, M., Westendorp, R.G., Thyroid status, disability and cognitive function, and survival in old age JAMA, 292, pp. 2591-2599 | |
| dc.description | Atzmon, G., Barzilai, N., Hollowell, J.G., Surks, M.I., Gabriely, I., Extreme longevity is associated with increased serum thyrotropin (2009) J Clin Endocrinol Metab., 94, pp. 1251-1254 | |
| dc.description | Surks, M.I., Hollowell, J.G., Age-specific distribution of serum thyrotropin and antithyroid antibodies in the US population: Implications for the prevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism (2007) J Clin Endocrinol Metab., 92, pp. 4575-4582 | |
| dc.description | Kapelari, K., Kirchlechner, C., Högler, W., Schweitzer, K., Virgolini, I., Moncayo, R., Pediatric reference intervals for thyroid hormone levels from birth to adulthood: A retrospective study (2008) BMC Endocr Disord., 8, p. 15 | |
| dc.description | Hübner, U., Englisch, C., Werkmann, H., Butz, H., Georgs, T., Zabransky, S., Continuous age-dependent reference ranges for thyroid hormones in neonates, infants, children and adolescents established using the ADVIA Centaur Analyzer (2002) Clin Chem Lab Med., 40, pp. 1040-1047 | |
| dc.description | Elmlinger, M.W., Kühnel, W., Lambrecht, H.G., Ranke, M.B., Reference intervals from birth to adulthood for serum thyroxine (T4), triiodothyronine (T3), free T3, free T4, thyroxine binding globulin (TBG) and thyrotropin (TSH) (2001) Clin Chem Lab Med., 39, pp. 973-979 | |
| dc.description | Verburg, F.A., Kirchgässner, C., Hebestreit, H., Steigerwald, U., Lentjes, E.G., Ergezinger, K., Reference ranges for analytes of thyroid function in children (2011) Horm Metab Res., 43, pp. 422-426 | |
| dc.description | Boucai, L., Hollowell, J.G., Surks, M.I., An approach for development of age, gender, and ethnicity-specific thyrotropin reference limits (2011) Thyroid., 21, pp. 5-11 | |
| dc.description | Haddow, J.E., Palomaki, G.E., Allan, W.C., Williams, J.R., Knight, G.J., Gagnon, J., Maternal thyroid deficiency during pregnancy and subsequent neuropsychological development of the child (1999) N Engl J Med., 341, pp. 549-555 | |
| dc.description | Allan, W.C., Haddow, J.E., Palomaki, G.E., Williams, J.R., Mitchell, M.L., Hermos, R.J., Maternal thyroid deficiency and pregnancy complications: Implications for population screening (2000) J Med Screen., 7, pp. 127-130 | |
| dc.description | Leung, A.S., Millar, L.K., Koonings, P.P., Montoro, M., Mestman, J.H., Perinatal outcomes in hypothyroid pregnancies (1993) Obstet Gynecol., 81, pp. 349-353 | |
| dc.description | Radetti, G., Gentili, L., Paganini, C., Oberhofer, R., Deluggi, I., Delucca, A., Psychomotor and audiological assessment of infants born to mothers with subclinical thyroid dysfunction in early pregnancy (2000) Minerva Pediatr., 52, pp. 691-698 | |
| dc.description | Stagnaro-Green, A., Abalovich, M., Alexander, E., Azizi, F., Mestman, J., Negro, R., American Thyroid Association Taskforce on Thyroid Disease During Pregnancy and Postpartum. Guidelines of the American Thyroid Association for the diagnosis and management of thyroid disease during pregnancy and postpartum (2011) Thyroid., 21, pp. 1081-1125 | |
| dc.description | Cerbone, M., Bravaccio, C., Capalbo, D., Polizzi, M., Wasniewska, M., Cioffi, D., Linear growth and intellectual outcome in children with long-term idiopathic subclinical hypothyroidism (2011) Eur J Endocrinol., 164, pp. 591-597 | |
| dc.description | de Luca, F., Wasniewska, M., Zirilli, G., Aversa, T., Arrigo, T., At the end of a two-year follow-up elevated TSH levels normalize or remain unchanged in most the children with subclinical hypothyroidism (2010) Ital J Pediatr., 36, p. 11 | |
| dc.description | Banerjee, J., Bhojani, S., Emcy, N., Co-existence of ADHD, autoimmune hypothyroidism and pituitary macroadenoma presenting in a behaviour clinic: A case report and brief review of the literature (2011) J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab., 24, pp. 229-231 | |
| dc.description | Simic, N., Asztalos, E.V., Rovet, J., Impact of neonatal thyroid hormone insufficiency and medical morbidity on infant neurodevelopment and attention following preterm birth (2009) Thyroid., 19, pp. 395-401 | |
| dc.description | Toft, A.D., Drug therapy: Thyroxine therapy (1994) N Engl J Med., 331, pp. 174-180 | |
| dc.description | Uy, H.L., Reasner, C.A., Samuels, M.H., Pattern of recovery of the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis following radioactive iodine therapy in patients with Grave's disease (1995) Am J Med., 99, pp. 173-179 | |
| dc.description | Hamblin, P.S., Dyer, S.A., Mohr, V.S., Le Grand, B.A., Lim, C.F., Tuxen, D.V., Relationship between thyrotropin and thyroxine changes during recovery from severe hypothyroxinemia of critical illness (1986) J Clin Endocrinol Metab., 62, pp. 717-722 | |
| dc.description | Young, R., Worthley, L.I., Diagnosis and management of thyroid disease and the critically ill patient (2004) Crit Care Resusc., 6, pp. 295-305 | |
| dc.description | Lazarus, J.H., Lithium and thyroid (2009) Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab., 23, pp. 723-733 | |
| dc.description | Eskes, S.A., Wiersinga, W.M., Amiodarone and thyroid (2009) Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab., 23, pp. 735-751 | |
| dc.description | Lee, H.Y., Suhl, J., Pekary, A.E., Hershman, J.M., Secretion of thyrotropin with reduced concanavalin-A-binding activity in patients with severe nonthyroid illness (1987) J Clin Endocrinol Metab., 65, pp. 942-945 | |
| dc.description | Spencer, C., Eigen, A., Shen, D., Duda, M., Qualls, S., Weiss, S., Specificity of sensitive assays of thyrotropin (TSH) used to screen for thyroid disease in hospitalized patients (1987) Clin Chem., 33, pp. 1391-1396 | |
| dc.description | Goldman, A.M., Mestman, J.H., Transient non-autoimmune hyperthyroidism of early pregnancy (2011) J Thyroid Res., 2011, p. 142413. , Epub 2011 Jul 15 | |
| dc.description | Kaptein, E.M., Spencer, C.A., Kamiel, M.B., Nicoloff, J.T., Prolonged dopamine administration and thyroid hormone economy in normal and critically ill subjects (1980) J Clin Endocrinol Metab., 51, pp. 387-393 | |
| dc.description | Re, R.N., Kourides, I.A., Ridgway, E.C., Weintraub, B.D., Maloof, F., The effect of glucocorticoid administration on human pituitary secretion of thyrotropin and prolactin (1976) J Clin Endocrinol Metab., 43, pp. 338-346 | |
| dc.description | Bartalena, L., Recent achievements in studies on thyroid hormonebinding proteins (1990) Endocr Rev., 11, pp. 47-64 | |
| dc.description | Carvalho, G.A., Weiss, R.E., Vladutiu, A.O., Refetoff, S., Complete deficiency of thyroxine-binding globulin (TBG-CD Buffalo) caused by a new nonsense mutation in the thyroxine-binding globulin gene (1998) Thyroid., 8, pp. 161-165 | |
| dc.description | Schussler, G.C., The thyroxine-binding proteins (2000) Thyroid., 10, pp. 141-149 | |
| dc.description | Stockigt, J.R., Free thyroid hormone measurement: A critical appraisal (2001) Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am., 30, pp. 265-289 | |
| dc.description | Sarne, D.H., Refetoff, S., Nelson, J.C., Linarelli, L.G., A new inherited abnormality of thyroxine-binding globulin (TBG-San Diego) with decreased affinity for thyroxine and triiodothyronine (1989) J Clin Endocrinol Metab., 68, pp. 114-119 | |
| dc.description | Wang, R., Nelson, J.C., Weiss, R.M., Wilcox, R.B., Accuracy of free thyroxine measurements across natural ranges of thyroxine binding to serum proteins (2000) Thyroid., 10, pp. 31-39 | |
| dc.description | Chopra, I.J., A radioimmunoassay for measurement of thyroxine in unextracted serum (1972) J Clin Endocrinol Metab., 34, pp. 938-947 | |
| dc.description | Klee, G.G., Clinical usage recommendations and analytic performance goals for total and free triiodothyronine measurements (1996) Clin Chem., 42, pp. 155-159 | |
| dc.description | Chopra, I.J., van Herle, A.J., Teco, G.N., Nguyen, A.H., Serum free thyroxine in thyroidal and nonthyroidal illnesses: A comparison of measurements by radioimmunoassay, equilibrium dialysis, and free thyroxine index (1980) J Clin Endocrinol Metab., 51, pp. 135-143 | |
| dc.description | Chopra, I.J., Simultaneous measurement of free thyroxine and free 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine in undiluted serum by direct equilibrium dialysis/radioimmunoassay: Evidence that free triiodothyronine and free thyroxine are normal in many patients with the low triiodothyronine syndrome (1998) Thyroid., 8, pp. 249-257 | |
| dc.description | Jahreis, G., Kauf, E., Fröhner, G., Schmidt, H.E., Influence of intensive exercise on insulin-like growth factor I, thyroid and steroid hormones in female gymnasts (1991) Growth Regul., 1, pp. 95-99 | |
| dc.description | Turkay, S., Kus, S., Gokalp, A., Baskin, E., Onal, A., Effects of protein energy malnutrition on circulating thyroid hormones (1995) Indian Pediatr., 32, pp. 193-197 | |
| dc.description | Poehlman, E.T., McAuliffe, T.L., van Houten, D.R., Danforth Jr., E., Influence of age and endurance training on metabolic rate and hormones in healthy men (1990) Am J Physiol., 259, pp. E66-E72 | |
| dc.description | Stone, E., Leiter, L.A., Lambert, J.R., Silverberg, J.D., Jeejeebhoy, K.N., Burrow, G.N., L-thyroxine absorption in patients with short bowel (1984) J Clin Endocrinol Metab., 59, pp. 139-141 | |
| dc.description | Carvalho, G.A., Weiss, R.E., Refetoff, S., Complete thyroxine-binding globulin (TBG) deficiency produced by a mutation in acceptor splice site causing frameshift and early termination of translation (TBGKankakee) (1998) J Clin Endocrinol Metab., 83, pp. 3604-3608 | |
| dc.description | Burger, A., Dinichert, D., Nicod, P., Jenny, M., Lemarchand-Beraud, T., Vallotton, M.B., Effect of amiodarone on serum triiodothyronine, reverse triiodothyronine, thyroxin, and thyrotropin: A drug influencing peripheral metabolism of thyroid hormones (1976) J Clin Invest., 58, pp. 255-259 | |
| dc.description | Glinoer, D., Fernandez-Deville, M., Ermans, A.M., Use of direct thyroxine-binding globulin measurement in the evaluation of thyroid function (1978) J Endocrinol Invest., 1, pp. 329-335 | |
| dc.description | Gross, H.A., Appleman Jr., M.D., Nicoloff, J.T., Effect of biologically active steroids on thyroid function in man (1971) J Clin Endocrinol Metab., 33, pp. 242-248 | |
| dc.description | Larsen, P.R., Salicylate-induced increases in free triiodothyronine in human serum: Evidence of inhibition of triiodothyronine binding to thyroxine-binding globulin and thyroxine-binding prealbumin (1972) J Clin Invest., 51, pp. 1125-1134 | |
| dc.description | Lim, C.F., Bai, Y., Topliss, D.J., Drug and fatty acid effects on serum thyroid hormone binding (1988) J Clin Endocrinol Metab., 67, p. 682 | |
| dc.description | Hansen, J.M., Skovsted, L., Lauridsen, U.B., Kirkegaard, C., Siersbaek-Nielsen, K., The effect of diphenylhydantoin on thyroid function (1974) J Clin Endocrinol Metab., 39, pp. 785-789 | |
| dc.description | Rootwelt, K., Ganes, T., Johannessen, S.I., Effect of carbamazapine, phenytoin and phenobarbitone on serum levels of thyroid hormones and thyrotropin in humans (1978) Scand J Clin Lab Invest., 38, pp. 731-736 | |
| dc.description | Mendel, C.M., Frost, P.H., Kunitake, S.T., Cavalieri, R.R., Mechanism of the heparin induced increase in the concentration of free thyroxine in plasma (1987) J Clin Endocrinol Metab., 65, pp. 1259-1264 | |
| dc.description | Sakata, S., Matsuda, M., Ogawa, T., Takuno, H., Matsui, I., Sarui, H., Prevalence of thyroid hormone autoantibodies in healthy subjects (1994) Clin Endocrinol., 41, pp. 365-370 | |
| dc.description | Vyas, S.K., Wilkin, T.J., Thyroid hormone autoantibodies and their implications for free thyroid hormone measurement (1994) J Endocrinol Invest., 17, pp. 15-21 | |
| dc.description | Roti, E., Gardini, E., Minelli, R., Bianconi, L., Flisi, M., Thyroid function evaluation by different commercially available free thyroid hormone measurement kits in term pregnant women and their newborns (1991) J Endocrinol Invest., 14, pp. 1-9 | |
| dc.description | Glinoer, D., de Nayer, P., Bourdoux, P., Lemone, M., Robyn, C., van Steirteghem, A., Regulation of maternal thyroid function during pregnancy (1990) J Clin Endocrinol Metab., 71, pp. 276-287 | |
| dc.description | Nissim, M., Giorda, G., Ballabio, M., D'Alberton, A., Bochicchio, D., Orefice, R., Maternal thyroid function in early and late pregnancy (1991) Horm Res., 36, pp. 196-202 | |
| dc.description | DeGroot, L.J., Mayor, G., Admission screening by thyroid function tests in an acute general care teaching hospital (1992) Amer J Med., 93, pp. 558-564 | |
| dc.description | Wartofsky, L., Burman, K.D., Alterations in thyroid function in patients with systemic illness: The "euthyroid sick syndrome" (1982) Endocrinol Rev., 3, pp. 164-217 | |
| dc.description | Adler, S.M., Wartofsky, L., The nonthyroidal illness syndrome (2007) Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am., 36, pp. 657-672 | |
| dc.description | Economidou, F., Douka, E., Tzanela, M., Nanas, S., Kotanidou, A., Thyroid function during critical illness (2011) Hormones (Athens)., 10, pp. 117-124 | |
| dc.description | Franklyn, J.A., Black, E.G., Betteridge, J., Sheppard, M.C., Comparison of second and third generation methods for measurement of serum thyrotropin in patients with overt hyperthyroidism, patients receiving thyroxine therapy, and those with nonthyroidal illness (1994) J Clin Endocrinol Metab., 78, pp. 1368-1371 | |
| dc.description | Mariotti, S., Pisani, S., Russova, A., Pinchera, A., A new solid-phase immunoradiometric assay for anti-thyroglobulin autoantibody (1982) J Endocrinol Invest., 5, pp. 227-233 | |
| dc.description | Maia, A.L., Ward, L.S., Carvalho, G.A., Graf, H., McIel, R.M., McIel, L.M., Thyroid nodules and differentiated thyroid cancer: Brazilian consensus (2007) Arq Bras Endocrinol Metabol., 51, pp. 867-893 | |
| dc.description | Mariotti, S., Caturegli, P., Piccolo, P., Barbesino, G., Pinchera, A., Antithyroid peroxidase autoantibodies in thyroid diseases (1990) J Clin Endocrinol Metab., 71, pp. 661-669 | |
| dc.description | Marcocci, C., Vitti, P., Cetani, F., Catalano, F., Concetti, R., Pinchera, A., Thyroid ultrasonography helps to identify patients with diffuse lymphocytic thyroiditis who are prone to develop hypothyroidism (1991) J Clin Endocrinol Metab., 72, pp. 209-213 | |
| dc.description | McChia, E., Concetti, R., Borgoni, F., Cetani, F., Fenzi, G.F., Pinchera, A., Assays of TSH receptor antibodies in 576 patients with various thyroid disorders: Their incidence, significance and clinical usefulness (1989) Autoimmunity., 3, pp. 103-112 | |
| dc.description | Nohr, S.B., Jorgensen, A., Pedersen, K.M., Laurberg, P., Postpartum thyroid dysfunction in pregnant thyroid peroxidase antibodypositive women living in an area with mild to moderate iodine deficiency: Is iodine supplementation safe? (2000) J Clin Endocrinol Metab., 85, pp. 3191-3198 | |
| dc.description | Bussen, S., Steck, T., Dietl, J., Increased prevalence of thyroid antibodies in euthyroid women with a history of recurrent in-vitro fertilization failure (2000) Hum Reprod., 15, pp. 545-548 | |
| dc.description | Martino, E., Aghini-Lombardi, F., Bartalena, L., Grasso, L., Loviselli, A., Velluzzi, F., Enhanced susceptibility to amiodarone induced hypothyroidism in patients with thyroid autoimmune disease (1994) Arch Intern Med., 154, pp. 2722-2726 | |
| dc.description | Johnston, A.M., Eagles, J.M., Lithium-associated clinical hypothyroidism. Prevalence and risk factors (1999) Br J Psychiatry., 175, pp. 336-339 | |
| dc.description | Ward, D.L., Bing-You, R.G., Autoimmune thyroid dysfunction induced by interferon-alfa treatment for chronic hepatitis C: Screening and monitoring recommendations (2001) Endoc Pract., 7, pp. 52-58 | |
| dc.description | Chiovato, L., Marcocci, C., Mariotti, S., Mori, A., Pinchera, A., L-thyroxine therapy induces a fall of thyroid microsomal and thyroglobulin antibodies in idiopathic myxedema and in hypothyroid, but not in euthyroid Hashimoto's thyroiditis (1986) J Endocrinol Invest., 9, pp. 299-305 | |
| dc.description | Feldt-Rasmussen, U., Schleusener, H., Carayon, P., Meta-analysis evaluation of the impact of thyrotropin receptor antibodies on long term remission after medical therapy of Graves' disease (1994) J Clin Endocrinol Metab., 78, pp. 98-103 | |
| dc.description | Takasu, N., Yamashiro, K., Ochi, Y., Sato, Y., Nagata, A., Komiya, I., TSBAb (TSH stimulation blocking antibody) and TSAb (thyroid stimulating antibody) in TSBAb positive patients with hypothyroidism and Graves' patients with hyperthyroidism (2001) Horm Metab Res., 33, pp. 232-237 | |
| dc.description | Takasu, N., Oshiro, C., Akamine, H., Komiya, I., Nagata, A., Sato, Y., Thyroid stimulating antibody and TSH-binding inhibitor immunoglobulin in 277 Graves' patients and in 686 normal subjects (1997) J Endocrinol Invest., 20, pp. 452-461 | |
| dc.description | Bahn Chair, R.S., Burch, H.B., Cooper, D.S., Garber, J.R., Greenlee, M.C., Klein, I., Hyperthyroidism and other causes of thyrotoxicosis: Management guidelines of the American Thyroid Association and American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists (2011) Thyroid., 21, pp. 593-646 | |
| dc.description | Orgiazzi, J., Anti-TSH receptor antibodies in clinical practice (2000) Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am., 29, pp. 339-355 | |
| dc.description | Orunesu, E., Bagnasco, M., Salmaso, C., Altrinetti, V., Bernasconi, D., del Monte, P., Use of an artificial neural network to predict Graves' disease outcome within 2 years of drug withdrawal (2004) Eur J Clin Invest., 34, pp. 210-217 | |
| dc.description | Orgiazzi, J., Madec, A.M., Reduction of the risk of relapse after withdrawal of medical therapy for Graves' disease (2002) Thyroid, 12, pp. 849-853 | |
| dc.description | Laurberg, P., Nygaard, B., Glinoer, D., Grussendorf, M., Orgiazzi, J., Guidelines for TSH-receptor antibody measurements in pregnancy: Results of an evidence-based symposium organized by the European Thyroid Association (1998) Eur J Endocrinol., 139, pp. 584-586 | |
| dc.description | Brown, R.S., Bellisario, R.L., Botero, D., Fournier, L., Abrams, C.A., Cowger, M.L., Incidence of transient congenital hypothyroidism due to maternal thyrotropin receptor-blocking antibodies in over one million babies (1996) J Clin Endocrinol Metab., 81, pp. 1147-1151 | |
| dc.description | Chiovato, L., Vitti, P., Santini, F., Lopez, G., Mammoli, C., Bassi, P., Incidence of antibodies blocking thyrotropin effect in vitro in patients with euthyroid or hypothyroid autoimmune thyroiditis (1990) J Clin Endocrinol Metab., 71, pp. 40-45 | |
| dc.language | en | |
| dc.language | pt | |
| dc.publisher | | |
| dc.relation | Arquivos Brasileiros de Endocrinologia e Metabologia | |
| dc.rights | aberto | |
| dc.source | Scopus | |
| dc.title | The Clinical Use Of Thyroid Function Tests [utilização Dos Testes De Função Tireoidiana Na Prática Clínica] | |
| dc.type | Artículos de revistas | |
