Introduction. Electromagnetic fields (EMF) may be applied to the human body with rehabilitative goals. Injury to peripheral nerve tissue differs from the lesion in the central nervous system because it presents a great potential for axonal regeneration. physiological effects are associated to exposure to EMFs, such as analgesia, vasodilation, muscle contraction and, especially, tissue regeneration. Objective. The paper aim is present and explore new applications of EMF in the rehabilitation of peripheral nerve tissue. Method. Literature search was undertaken on the bases Springer, ScienceDirect, PubMed, Google Scholar, CAPES periodicals portal between the years 1972 to 2009, using the terms: Magnetic fields; Nerve regeneration; Peripheral nerve; Axonal regeneration; Electrical regeneration; Peripheral nerve regeneration. Results. The selected parameters for EMFs vary widely: for electric fields, it is used pulse width (on time) from 65 μμs up to 100 μμs, frequency range up to 250 Hz and amplitude varying from 0,1 V/m to 4 V/m. For magnetic fields, intensity varies between 4.35 μT and 8 T and frequency, between 0 and 54 GHz. Conclusion. results related to axonal elongation and guidance, protein increment, genetic changes and reduction of the total time of regeneration. 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