Objective: To investigate central auditory processing in children with unilateral stroke and to verify whether the hemisphere affected by the lesion influenced auditory competence.Method: 23 children (13 male) between 7 and 16 years old were evaluated through speech-in-noise tests (auditory closure); dichotic digit test and staggered spondaic word test (selective attention); pitch pattern and duration pattern sequence tests (temporal processing) and their results were compared with control children. Auditory competence was established according to the performance in auditory analysis ability.Results: Was verified similar performance between groups in auditory closure ability and pronounced deficits in selective attention and temporal processing abilities. Most children with stroke showed an impaired auditory ability in a moderate degree.Conclusion: Children with stroke showed deficits in auditory processing and the degree of impairment was not related to the hemisphere affected by the lesion.729680686deVeber, G.A., McGregor, D., Curtis, R., Mayank, S., Neurologic outcome in survivors of childhood arterial ischemic stroke and sinovenous thrombosis (2000) J Child Neurol, 15, pp. 316-324Gordon, A.L., Ganesan, V., Towell, A., Kirkham, F.J., Functional outcome following stroke in children (2002) J Child Neurol, 17, pp. 429-434Cnossen, M., Aarsen, F., Akker, S.L.J., Paediatric arterial ischaemic stroke: Functional outcome and risk factors (2010) Dev Med Child Neurol, 52, pp. 394-399Kolk, A., Ennok, M., Laugesaar, R., Kaldoja, M.L., Talvik, T., Long-term cognitive outcomes after pediatric stroke (2011) Pediatr Neurol, 44, pp. 101-109Tsze, D.S., Valente, J.H., Pediatric stroke: A review (2011) Emerg Med Int, pp. 1-10Rodrigues, S.D., Ciasca, S.M., Guimarães, I.E., Does stroke impair learning in children? (2011) Stroke Res Treatment, pp. 1-6Elias, K.M., Moura-Ribeiro, M.V., Stroke caused auditory attention deficits in children (2013) Arq Neuropsiquiatr, 71, pp. 11-17Airoldi, M.J., (2012) Aspectos evolutivos de crianças com acidente vascular cerebral isquêmico perinatal, , [Dissertação de mestrado]. Campinas: Universidade Estadual de CampinasAmerican Speech-Language-Hearing Association, Central auditory processing: Current status of research and implications for clinical practice. Task force on central auditory processing consensus development (1996) Am J Audiol, 5, pp. 41-52Pereira, L.D., Schochat, E., (2011) Testes auditivos comportamentais para avaliação do processamento auditivo central, , São Paulo: Pró-FonoBellis, T.J., (2003) Assessment and Management of Central Auditory Processing Disorders in the Educational Setting - form Science to Practice, , 2nd ed. Clinton Park, New York: Delmar LearningMassi, G., Marcheschi, M., Brovedani, P., Pfanner, P., Neuropsiologia delle encephalopatie focali non evolutive dell'infanzia (1993) Minerva Pediatr, 45, pp. 235-246Bamiou, D.E., Musiek, F.E., Stow, I., Auditory temporal processing déficits in patients with insular stroke (2006) Neurology, 67, pp. 614-619Bamiou, D.E., Werring, D., Cox, K., Stevens, Patient-reported auditory functions after stroke of the central auditory pathway (2012) Stroke, 43, pp. 1285-1289Isaacs, E., Christie, D., Vargha-Khadem, F., Mishkin, M., Effects of hemispheric side of injury, age at injury, and presence of seizure disorder on functional ear and hand asymmetries in hemiplegic children (1996) Neuropsychologia, 34, pp. 127-137Alvarez, A.M.M.A., Balen, A.S., Misorelli, M.I.L., Sanchez, M.L., Processamento auditivo central: Proposta de avaliação e diagnóstico diferencial (2000) Audiologia Clínica, pp. 103-120. , Munhoz MSL, Caovilla HH, Silva MLG, Ganança MM, editors. São Paulo: AtheneuBamiou, D.E., Sisodiya, S., Musiek, F.E., Luxon, L.M., The role of the interhemispheric pathway in hearing (2007) Brain Res Rev, 56, pp. 170-182Hogan, A.M., Kirkham, F.J., Isaacs, E.B., Intelligence after stroke in childhood: Review of the literature and suggestions for future research (2000) J Child Neurol, 15, pp. 325-332Brizzolara, D., Pecini, C., Brovedani, P., Ferretti, G., Cipriani, P., Cioni, G., Timing and type of congenital brain lesion determine different patterns of language lateralization in hemiplegic children (2002) Neuropsychologia, 40, pp. 620-632Guimarães, I.E., Ciasca, S.M., Moura-Ribeiro, M.V., Cerebrovascular disease in childhood: Neuropsychological invstigation in 14 cases (2007) Arq Neuropsiquiatr, 65, pp. 41-47