Artículos de revistas
Gluttonous Predators: How To Estimate Prey Size When There Are Too Many Prey
Registro en:
Brazilian Journal Of Biology. , v. 68, n. 2, p. 315 - 320, 2008.
15196984
10.1590/S1519-69842008000200012
2-s2.0-48149111695
Autor
Araujo M.S.
Pinheiro A.
Reis S.F.
Institución
Resumen
Prey size is an important factor in food consumption. In studies of feeding ecology, prey items are usually measured individually using calipers or ocular micrometers. Among amphibians and reptiles, there are species that feed on large numbers of small prey items (e.g. ants, termites). This high intake makes it difficult to estimate prey size consumed by these animals. We addressed this problem by developing and evaluating a procedure for subsampling the stomach contents of such predators in order to estimate prey size. Specifically, we developed a protocol based on a bootstrap procedure to obtain a subsample with a precision error of at the most 5%, with a confidence level of at least 95%. This guideline should reduce the sampling effort and facilitate future studies on the feeding habits of amphibians and reptiles, and also provide a means of obtaining precise estimates of prey size. 68 2 315 320 ADAMS, D.C., ROHLF, F.J., Ecological character displacement in Plethodon: Biomechanical differences found from a geometric morphometric study (2000) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A, 97 (8), pp. 4106-4111 BOLNICK, D.I., SVANBÄCK, R., FORDYCE, J.A., YANG, L.H., DAVIS, J.M., HULSEY, C.D., FORISTER, M.L., The ecology of individuals: Incidence and implications of individual specialization (2003) Am. Nat, 161 (1), pp. 1-28 CALDWELL, J.P., The evolution of myrmecophagy and its correlates in poison frogs (Family Dendrobatidae) (1996) J. Zool, 240 (1), pp. 75-101 CALDWELL, J.P., VITT, L.J., Dietary asymmetry in leaf litter frogs and lizards in a transitional northern Amazonian rain forest (1999) Oikos, 84 (3), pp. 383-397 DAVIDSON, A.C., HINKLEY, D.V., (1997) Bootstrap methods and their application, , Cambridge: Cambridge University Press DIMMITT, M.A., RUIBAL, R., Exploitation of food resources by spadefoot toads (Scaphiopus) (1980) Copeia, 1980 (4), pp. 854-862 EFRON, B., TIBSHIRANI, R.J., (1993) An introduction to the bootstrap, p. 436. , Boca Raton: Chapman and Hall/CRC, p FELLER, W., (1968) An introduction to probability theory and its applications, p. 704. , New York: John Wiley and Sons, p GIARETTA, A.A., ARAÚJO, M.S., MEDEIROS, H.F., FACURE, K.G., Food habits and ontogenetic diet shifts of the litter dwelling frog. Proceratophrys boiei (Wied) (1998) Rev. Bras. Zool, 15 (3), pp. 385-388 GIARETTA, A.A., MENIN, M., Reproduction, phenology and mortality sources of a species of Physalaemus (Anura: Leptodactylidae) (2004) J. Nat. Hist, 38 (13), pp. 1711-1722 GOODLAND, R., FERRI, G.M., (1979) Ecologia do Cerrado, , Belo Horizonte: Livraria Itatiaia HANSEN, M.H., HURWITZ, W.N., MADOW, G., (1993) Sample survey methods and theory, , New York: John Wiley and Sons HUEY, R.B., PIANKA, E.R., VITT, L.J., How often do lizards "run on empty"? (2001) Ecology, 82 (1), pp. 1-7 LIMA, A.P., MAGNUSSON, W.E., Partitioning seasonal time: Interactions among size, foraging activity and diet in leaf-litter frogs (1998) Oecologia, 116 (2), pp. 259-266 OLIVEIRA, P.S., MARQUIS, R.J., (2002) The cerrados of Brazil: Ecology and natural history of a neotropical savanna, p. 424. , New York: Columbia University Press, p PIANKA, E.R., (1986) The ecology and natural history of desert lizards. Analyses of the ecological niche and community structure, , Princeton: Princeton University Press RAO, C.R., (1973) Linear statistical inference and its applications, , New York: John Wiley and Sons ROUGHGARDEN, J., Evolution of niche width (1972) Am. Nat, 106 (952), pp. 683-718 ROUGHGARDEN, J., Niche width: Biogeographic patterns among Anolis lizard populations (1974) Am. Nat, 108 (962), pp. 429-442 RYAN, M.J., (1985) The Túngara Frog: A Study in Sexual Selection and Communication, p. 246. , Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, p SANO, S.N., ALMEIDA, S.P., Cerrado: Ambiente e Flora (1998) Planaltina, GO, p. 556. , Embrapa-CPAC, p SCHOENER, T.W., The Anolis lizards of Bimini: Resource partitioning in a complex fauna (1968) Ecology, 49 (4), pp. 704-726 SCHOENER, T.W., Resource Partitioning (1986) Community ecology: Pattern and process, , KIKKAWA, J, ANDERSON, DJ, eds, Boston: Blackwell Scientific SHINE, R., REED, R.N., SHETTY, S., COGGER, H.G., Relationships between sexual dimorphism and niche partitioning within a clade of sea-snakes (Laticaudinae) (2002) Oecologia, 133 (1), pp. 45-53 SHINE, R., WEBB, J.K., Natural history of Australian typhlopid snakes (1990) J. Herpetol, 24 (4), pp. 357-363 SMITH, T.B., SKÚLASON, S., Evolutionary significance of resource polymorphisms in fishes, amphibians, and birds (1996) Annu. Rev. Ecol. Evol. Syst, 27, pp. 111-113 STRÜSSMANN, C., VALE, M.B.R., MENEGHINI, M.H., MAGNUSSON, W.E., Diet and foraging mode of Bufo marinus and Lepdactylus ocellatus (1984) J. Herpetol, 18 (2), pp. 138-146 TAPER, M.L., CASE, T.J., Quantitative genetic models for the coevolution of character displacement (1985) Ecology, 66 (2), pp. 355-371 TOFT, C.A., Resource partitioning in amphibians and reptiles (1985) Copeia, 1985 (1), pp. 1-21 TOFT, C.A., Feeding ecology of Panamanian litter anurans: Patterns in diet and foraging mode (1981) J. Herpetol, 15 (2), pp. 139-144 TOFT, C.A., Feeding ecology of thirteen syntopic species of anurans in a seasonal tropical environment (1980) Oecologia, 45 (1), pp. 131-141 VITT, L.J., CALDWELL, J.P., Resource utilization and guild structure of small vertebrates in the Amazon forest leaf litter (1994) J. Zool, 234 (4), pp. 463-476