The Cabreúva tree, Myroxylon peruiferum, is an endangered tropical species from Brazil used in forest restoration projects. It is known for its medicinal properties. Eleven microsatellite markers were developed for this species, from a microsatellite-enriched library. Nine of these markers, characterized in 30 individuals from a semideciduous forest remnant population in southeast Brazil, were polymorphic, with allele numbers ranging from 2 to 8 per locus; expected and observed heterozygosities ranged from 0.103 to 0.757 and 0.107 to 0.704, respectively. One locus (Mpe-C04) showed significant deviation from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, probably due to null alleles. Two other loci (Mpe-E09 and Mpe-H07) were monomorphic in this population. These microsatellite loci should be useful for future population genetic studies of this species.13369206925Billotte, N., Lagoda, P.J.L., Risterucci, A.M., Baurens, F.C., Microsatellite-enriched libraries: Applied methodology for the development of SSR markers in tropical crops (1999) Fruits, 54, pp. 277-288Calmon, M., Brancalion, P.H.S., Paese, A., Aronson, J., Emerging threats and opportunities for large-scale ecological restoration in the Atlantic Forest of Brazil (2011) Restoration Ecol., 19, pp. 154-158Carvalho, T.A., Lattanzio, N.A., Lucarini, R., Fernandes, J.B., Potencial Bactericida de Extratos e Substâncias Isoladas de Myroxylon Peruiferum (Cabreúva) Frente à Micobactérias do Trato Respiratóio (2008) XVI Congresso de Iniciação Científica., , UFSCar, SorocabaDoyle, J.J., Doyle, J.L., Isolation of plant DNA from fresh tissue (1990) Focus, 12, pp. 13-15Gonçalves, A.L., Alves Filho, A., Menezes, H., Estudo comparativo da atividade antimicrobiana de extratos de algumas árvores nativas (2005) Arq. Inst. Biol., 72, pp. 353-358Javed, A.A., Muthusamy, A., Kuulaasmaa, T., (2010) Oligo Analyzer Version 1.5, , http://www.genelink.com/tools/OEreg.asp, Accessed October, 2010Martins, W.S., Lucas, D.C., Neves, K.F., Bertioli, D.J., WebSat - a web software for microsatellite marker development (2009) Bioinformation, 3, pp. 282-283Ohsaki, A., Takashima, J., Chiba, N., Kawamura, M., Microanalysis of a selective potent anti-Helicobacter pylori compound in a Brazilian medicinal plant, Myroxylon peruiferum and the activity of analogues (1999) Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 9, pp. 1109-1112Raymond, M., Rousset, F., GENEPOP (version 1.2): Population genetics software for exact tests and ecumenicism (1995) J. Hered., 86, pp. 248-249Ribeiro, M.C., Metzger, J.P., Martensen, A.C., Ponzoni, F.J., The Brazilian atlantic forest: How much is left, and how is the remaining forest distributed? Implications for conservation (2009) Biol. Conserv., 142, pp. 1141-1153Rice, W.R., Analyzing tables of statistical tests (1989) Evolution, 43, pp. 223-225Rozen, S., Skaletsky, H.J., (1998) Primer3, , http://www.genome.wi.mit.edu/genomesoftware/other/primer3.html, Accessed October, 2010(2004) Resolução SMA Nº 48, , Secretaria do Meio Ambiente SP, São PauloVan Oosterhout, C., William, F.H., Derek, P.M.W., Peter, S., Micro-checker: Software for identifying and correcting genotyping errors in microsatellite data (2004) Mol. Ecol. Notes, 4, pp. 535-538Yamamoto, L.F., Kinoshita, L.S., Martins, F.R., Síndromes de polinização e de dispersão em fragmentos da floresta estacional semidecídua montana, SP, Brasil (2007) Acta Bot. Bras., 21, pp. 553-573