Purpose: To investigate the suggested association between pseudoexfoliation syndrome and aneurysm of the abdominal aorta. Methods: 65 patients recently operated for abdominal aortic aneurysm and 51 controls with peripheral atherosclerosis, without aneurysm, underwent an ophthalmologic examination under pupillary dilatation to detect the presence of pseudoexfoliation syndrome. Results: There were no significant differences regarding mean age and distribution by gender and race between the groups (p > 0.05). Two of 65 patients with aortic aneurysm and one of 51 controls presented pseudoexfoliation syndrome (p = 1.00). Conclusion: The prevalence of pseudoexfoliation syndrome in patients operated for abdominal aortic aneurysm and in patients with peripheral atherosclerosis were similar. This finding does not support the proposed association between pseudoexfoliation syndrome and abdominal aortic aneurysm.673407410Schlötzer-Scherehardt, U., Koca, M.R., Naumann, G.O., Volkholz, H., Pseudoexfoliation syndrome: Ocular manifestation of a systemic disorder? (1992) Arch Ophthalmol, 110, pp. 1752-1756Streeten, B.W., Dark, A.J., Wallace, R.N., Li, Z.Y., Hoepner, J.A., Pseudoexfoliative fibrillopathy in the skin of patients with ocular pseudoexfoliation (1990) Am J Ophthalmol, 110, pp. 490-499Streeten, B.W., Li, Z.Y., Wallace, R.N., Eagle, R.C., Keshgegian, A.A., Pseudoexfoliative fibrillopathy in visceral organs of a patient with pseudoexfoliation syndrome (1992) Arch Ophthalmol, 110, pp. 1757-1762Cursiefen, C., Händel, A., Schönherr, U., Naumman, G.O., Das pseudoexfoliation ssyndrom bei Patienten mit retinaler Venenast-und Zentralvenenthrombose (1997) Klin Monatsbl Augenheilkd, 211, pp. 17-21Cursifen, C., Hammer, T., Kückle, M., Naumann, G.O.H., Schlötzer- Schrehardt, U., Pseudoexfoliation syndrome in eyes with ischemic central retinal vein occlusion. A histopathologic and electron microscopic study (2001) Acta Ophthalmol Scand, 79, pp. 476-478Mitchell, P., Wang, J.J., Smith, W., Association of pseudoexfoliation syndrome with increased vascular risk (1997) Am J Ophthalmol, 124, pp. 685-687Kling, F., Colin, J., Joris, A., Pseudoexfoliation syndrome (PEX): Indicator of increased cardiac and/or vascular risks? [poster] (1999) American Academy Ophthalmology, , Orlando Florida OctoberRitch, R., Exfoliation syndrome: The most common identifiable cause of openangle glaucoma (1994) J Glaucoma, 3, pp. 176-178Ritch, R., Schlötzer-Schrehardt, U., Exfoliation syndrome (2001) Surv Ophthalmol, 45, pp. 265-315Shields, M.B., Glaucomas associated with disorder of the lens (1998) Textbook of Glaucoma, pp. 252-268. , Shields MB. 5 th ed. Baltimore: Williams and WilkinsSchlötzer-Schrehardt, U., Von Der Mark, K., Sakai, Ly., Naumann, G.O., Increased extracellular deposition of fibrillin-1 containing fibrils in pseudoexfoliation syndrome (1997) Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 38, pp. 970-984Schumacher, S., Schlötzer-Scherehardt, U., Martus, P., Lang, W., Naumann, G.O.H., Pseudoexfoliation syndrome and aneurysms of the abdominal aorta (2001) Lancet, 357, pp. 359-360Yüksel, N., Karabas, L., Arslan, A., Demirci, A., Çaglar, Y., Ocular hemodynamics in pseudoexfoliation syndrome and pseudoexfoliation glaucoma (2001) Ophthalmology, 108, pp. 1043-1049Ringvold, A., Pseudoexfoliation and aortic aneurysms (2001) Lancet, 357, pp. 2139-2140Hietanen, J., Soisalon-Soinimen, S., Kivelan, T., Tarkkanen, A., Evaluation the clinical association between exfoliation syndrome and abdominal aortic aneurysm (2002) Acta Ophthalmol Scand, 80, pp. 617-619Urbano, A.P., Freitas, T.G., Arcieri, E.S., Urbano, A.P., Costa, V.P., Avaliação dos tipos de glaucoma no Serviço de Oftalmologia da UNICAMP (2003) Arq Bras Oftalmol, 66, pp. 61-65Ringvold, A., Blika, S., Elsas, T., Guldahl, J., Brevik, T., Hesstvedt, P., The prevalence of pseudoexfoliation in three separate municipalities of Middle-Norway (1987) Acta Ophthalmol, (SUPPL. 182), pp. 17-20