Menisci have an important role in load bearing, shock absorption, knee joint stability, and joint lubrication. Meniscal lesions and meniscectomy are followed by osteoarthritis in a high percentage of patients. At present, there is no ideal prosthesis for meniscal substitution. In this work, a bioreabsorbable polymer scaffold made of poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA) and poly(p-dioxanone) (PPD) blend was developed to be used as a temporary meniscal prosthesis to stimulate the formation of an in situ meniscal replication while the scaffold is reabsorbed by the organism. Total meniscectomy of medial meniscus and arthrotomy was made in both back knees of 34 adult New Zealand white rabbits by medial parapatellar incision. The scaffolds were sutured in one of the knees, and other was used as a control. A meniscal replica was developed, suggesting that this material has great potential to be used as a meniscal prosthesis, especially because the new meniscus promoted a significant protection of cartilage, and cartilage degeneration in the control condyles was observed.275428431Zukor, D.J., Cameron, J.C., Brooks, P.J., Oakeshott, R.D., Farine, L., Rudan, J.F., Gross, A.E., The fate of human meniscal allografts (1988) 55th Annual Meeting of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, , Atlanta, GASimon, W.H., Friedenberg, S., Richardson, S., Joint incongruence: A correlation of joint congruence and thickness of articular cartilage in dogs (1973) J Bone Joint Surg, 55 A, pp. 1614-1620Fithian, D.C., Kelly, M.A., Mow, V.C., Material properties and structure-function relationships in the menisci (1990) Clin Orthop, 252, pp. 19-31Sommerlath, K., Gillquist, J., The effect of a meniscal prosthesis on knee biomechanics and cartilage - An experimental study in rabbits (1992) Am J Sports Med, 20 (1), pp. 73-81Abdon, P., Turner, M.S., Petterson, H., Lindstand, A., Sendstrom, A., A long-term follow-up study of total meniscectomy in children (1990) Clin Orthop, 257, pp. 166-170Klompmaker, J., Veth, R.P.H., Jansen, H.W.B., Nielsen, H.K.L., De Groot, J.H., Pennings, A.J., Kuijer, J., Meniscal repair by fibrocartilage in the dog: Characterization on the repair tissue and the role of vascularity (1996) Biomaterials, 17, pp. 1685-1691Messner, K., Review: The concept of a permanent synthetic meniscus prothesis: A critical discussion after 5 years of experimental investigations using dacron and teflon implants (1994) Biomaterials, 15 (4)Pezzin, A.P.T., Cardoso, T.P., Rincón, M.C.A., Duek, E.A.R., Prótese de menisco bioreabsorvível: Uma nova alternativa para a substituição de meniscos (2002) Revista Saúde e Ambiente, 3 (1), pp. 38-44Freed, L.E., Marquis, J.C., Nohria, A., Emmanual, J., Mikos, A.G., Langer, R., Neocartilage formation in vitro and in vivo using cells cultured on synthetic biodegradable polymers (1993) J Biomed Mater Res, 27, pp. 11-23Archer, C.W., McDowell, J., Bayliss, M.T., Stephens, M.D., Bentley, G., Phenotypic modulation in sub-populations of human articular chondrocytes in vitro (1990) J Cell Sci, 97, pp. 361-371Ibarra, C., Jannetta, C., Vacanti, C.A., Cao, Y., Kim, T.H., Upton, J., Vacanti, J.P., Tissue engineered meniscus: A potential new alternative to allogeneic meniscus transplantation (1997) Transplant Proc, 29, pp. 986-988Metak, G., Heitland, A., Nickisch, F., Stephan, C., Milachowski, K.A., Scherer, M.A., Kollagen-Polydioxanon-composite graft als meniskusersatz-eine experimentelle studie am schaf (1997) Langenbecks Arch Chir, 1, pp. 505-509Stone, K.R., Rodkey, W.G., Webber, R., McKinney, L., Steadman, R., Meniscal regeneration with copolymeric collagen scaffolds (1992) Am J Sports Med, 20 (2), pp. 104-111