Evaluación de la Actividad Antioxidante y Valor Nutraceútico de las Hojas y Frutos de la Guanábana (Annona muricata)

Abstract

The antioxidant activity and the nutraceutical value of the leaves and fruits of soursop (Annona muricata) were evaluated in the laboratories of the Faculty of Sciences of the Polytechnic School of Chimborazo. The experimental methodology used was the assay of the antioxidant capacity according to the enzymatic method of inhibition of polyphenoloxidase and the bromatological analysis of both leaves and fruits of soursop collected in the Recinto la Maravilla of the Province of Los Rios. The study was carried out at different concentrations of the extracts: 1000 µg/mL, 100 µg/mL and 10 µg/mL. The results were expressed in percentages of inhibition and with the help of ANOVA and TUKEY statistical methods, at least one of the extracts showed different antioxidant activity. In the case of the leaf extracts, the percentage of inhibition is approximately 75 % in the alcoholic fraction, while in the aqueous fraction it is approximately 35 %. The antioxidant activity of the graviola fruit (pulp) extract is 79% for the aqueous fraction and 82% for the alcoholic fraction. In the nutritional value of the fruit, highlights its protein content (1.1%) and minerals (0.75), that of the leaf highlights the high content of protein (3.92), fiber (4.34). - 112 - It is concluded that the leaves and fruits of soursop have antioxidant activity and nutraceutical properties due to the results mentioned in the bromatological study. Therefore, it is recommended to carry out applied research in the area of cosmetics, phytomedicines and food.