Background Chordomas are rare malignant neoplasms that are resistant to chemotherapy and conventional radiation therapy. The main factor that determines whether a localized tumor recurs is en-bloc resection with tumor-free ...

Background: Spondylolysis is a defect in the pars interarticularis of the vertebra that occurs frequently in high-performance young athletes. Although nonsurgical management is the mainstay of treatment, surgery is an ...

Abstract Background Training in medical education depends on the availability of standardized materials that can reliably mimic the human anatomy and physiology. One ...

Study aim. - We describe a new neuronavigation-guided technique to target the posterior-superior insula (PSI) using a cooled-double-cone coil for deep cortical stimulation. Introduction. - Despite the analgesic effects ...

Introduction This review summarizes some patterns of pre-surgical evaluation and surgical treatment of extratemporal epilepsy in pediatric patients with medically refractory seizures, whose ictal behavior is variable. the ...

Background: Over the last decade, neuroendoscopy has re-emerged as an interesting option in the management of intraventricular lesions in both children and adults. Nonetheless, as it has become more difficult to use cadaveric ...

OBJECTIVE: Augmented reality (AR) is a technique in which an overlay of a virtual image to a live picture is performed to create a new image in which both original images coexist as a single image. This results in the ...

Introduction: The paradigm of dogs as companion animals changed a lot in the last decades. Many people consider pets as important members of the family, spending time and worrying about healthcare for them. As consequence, ...