Among vertebrates, defensive behaviours have been reviewed for fishes, salamanders, reptiles, birds, and mammals, but not yet for anuran amphibians. Although several defensive strategies have been reported for anurans, ...

Among vertebrates, defensive behaviours have been reviewed for fishes, salamanders, reptiles, birds, and mammals, but not yet for anuran amphibians. Although several defensive strategies have been reported for anurans, ...

Dysfunction in the hypothalamic GABAergic system has been implicated in panic syndrome in humans. Furthermore, several studies have implicated the hypothalamus in the elaboration of pain modulation. Panic-prone states are ...

We report in the present study the occurrence of contracting defensive behaviour in three treefrogs of the genus Phyllomedusa: P. azurea, P. iheringii and P. tetraploidea. It consisted of limbs bent close to the body, ...

Within a species, some individuals are better able to cope with threatening environments than others. Paca (Cuniculus paca) appear resilient to over-hunting by humans, which may be related to the behavioural plasticity ...

Observations on stereotyped defensive behaviours are presented for 7 frog species of the Neotropical genus Odontophrynus from Argentina and Uruguay. Seven stereotyped postures were observed, among which the most common ...

Anurans are known to feign death as a way to avoid or minimize the risk of predation. However, information on this defensive strategy is scattered and we believe that there is more than one behaviour type referred to as ...

Anurans are known to feign death as a way to avoid or minimize the risk of predation. However, information on this defensive strategy is scattered and we believe that there is more than one behaviour type referred to as ...