ltage (I–V) curve tracers are used for measuring voltage and current in pho-tovoltaic (PV) modules. I–V curves allow identifying certain faults in the photovoltaic module, as well as quantifying the power performance of ...

Electric vehicles make use of energy storage systems, such as batteries and/or ultracapacitors to power the electric power drive train, as well as auxiliary automotive system for control, safety, and comfort. This relatively ...

The demand of flexible electronic devices led the scientific community to develop novel electroactive materials for various sensing devices to realize them in the potential applications in health monitoring, robotics, ...

The underdevelopment of Brazilian rural families is largely explained by their historical process of formation and by their poor access to a functional education and transportation systems. In the last decade, the federal ...

This paper addresses the planning and deployment of wireless heterogeneous networks (WHNs) for smart metering, based on a cross-layer solution. We combine the constraints of the network layer that considers routing and ...

In this paper we propose a new variant of the capacitated arc routing problem (CARP). In this new problem the objective function becomes a cumulative objective computed as the traveled distance multiplied by the vehicle ...

In this paper we propose a new variant of the capacitated arc routing problem (CARP). In this new problem the objective function becomes a cumulative objective computed as the traveled distance multiplied by the vehicle ...