This paper describes two simple thermal methods for measuring the energy fluence in J/cm 2 from a diagnostic x-ray exposure. Both detectors absorb essentially 100% of the radiation and give a signal that is directly ...

This paper describes two simple thermal methods for measuring the energy fluence in J/cm 2 from a diagnostic x-ray exposure. Both detectors absorb essentially 100% of the radiation and give a signal that is directly ...

Thin films of chemically synthesized polyaniline and poly(o-methoxyaniline) were exposed to ionizing X-ray radiation and characterized by radiation induced conductivity measurements, ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, ...

A microcontrolled instrument for measuring the energy fluence rate (or intensity) of X-ray pulses in the orthovoltage range of 120 to 300 kV is described. The prototype instrument consists of a pyroelectric sensor, a ...

A study of the background radiation in inelastic X-ray scattering (IXS) and X-ray emission spectroscopy (XES) based on an analytical model is presented. The calculation model considers spurious radiation originated from ...

In this work we develop a lepto-hadronic model for the electromagnetic radiation from jets in microquasars with low-mass companion stars. We present general results as well as applications to some specific systems, and ...

The X-ray Fluorescence (XRF) analysis is a technique for the qualitative and quantitative determination of chemical constituents in a sample. This method is based on detection of the characteristic radiation intensities ...