The internal temperature of nests largely depends on the materials used in their construction because the characteristics of each material affect the isolation of nest walls. In urban environments, the availability of natural ...

Ant nests vary in their depth and internal complexity. They can be shallow or reach seven meters down into the soil, with many chambers connected by tunnels. In the case of leaf-cutting ants, the nest protects the colony ...

Ant nests vary in their depth and internal complexity. They can be shallow or reach seven meters down into the soil, with many chambers connected by tunnels. In the case of leaf-cutting ants, the nest protects the colony ...

Ant nests vary in their depth and internal complexity. They can be shallow or reach seven meters down into the soil, with many chambers connected by tunnels. In the case of leaf-cutting ants, the nest protects the colony ...

Documenting the adaptations of birds to live in urban areas is important in a context of an anthropogenically altered world where such areas may represent novel ecological opportunities for birds. Here I report on a nest ...

Documenting the adaptations of birds to live in urban areas is important in a context of an anthropogenically altered world where such areas may represent novel ecological opportunities for birds. Here I report on a nest ...

Incubation is an energetically costly parental task of breeding birds. Incubating parents respond to environmental variation and nest-site features to adjust the balance between the time spent incubating (i.e. nest ...

The effect of urbanization on birds typically has been evaluated through comparison of species composition between natural and urbanized habitats. However, few studies have examined the changes in species abundance as an ...

The behaviour of birds in urban habitats often differs from that of birds in surrounding natural and rural habitats, with the attenuation of fear responses to humans a primary behavioural adaptation to urban life. In ...