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Indirect measures of reproductive effort in a resource-defense polygynous ungulate: Territorial defense by male guanacos
(Springer Tokyo, 2012-01)
Trade-offs between reproductive effort and activities that are likely to enhance survival have been studied extensively in harem defense ungulates. However, among resource defense systems, ecological determinants of the ...
Resource defense polygyny shifts to female defense polygyny over the course of the reproductive season of a Neotropical harvestman
(SPRINGER, 2008)
Although studies classify the polygynous mating system of a given species into female defense polygyny (FDP) or resource defense polygyny (RDP), the boundary between these two categories is often slight. Males of some ...
Light Regulation of Plant Defense
(Annual Reviews, 2014-04)
Precise allocation of limited resources between growth and defense is critical for plant survival. In shade-intolerant species, perception of competition signals by informational photoreceptors activates shade-avoidance ...
Roaring Behavior of Two Syntopic Howler Species (Alouatta caraya and A. guariba clamitans): Evidence Supports the Mate Defense Hypothesis
(Springer, 2012-04)
Long-distance calls are loud vocalizations involved in within and between group communication in animals. These calls may maintain cohesion with group members or communicate the ownership of valuable resources such as ...
On resource defense and sustainable grazing: Forage use by territorial and non-territorial guanaco groups
(Elsevier, 2018-05)
Recent studies suggest that territorial defense can act as a regulating agent of herbivore density, buffering crowding effects and preventing vegetation depletion. The occurrence of territorial families and non-territorial ...
Resource-defense polygyny and self-limitation of population density in free-ranging guanacos
(Oxford Univ Press Inc, 2016-01)
Although ecologists and managers have been increasingly preoccupied with the crowding consequences of overabundant herbivores,the potential role of territorial behavior as a self-regulatory agent has seldom been considered. ...
Pre-encounter versus post-encounter inducible defenses in predator–prey model systems
(Elsevier, 2007)
It has been reported that, in order to reduce mortality, prey are able to change their phenotype
in response to cues released from predators. These short-time responses constitute
effective antipredator strategies in ...
Resource allocation in Copaifera langsdorffii (Fabaceae): how supra-annual fruiting affects plant traits and herbivory?
(Universidad de Costa Rica, 2016)