The Amazon contains world-class deposits of gold, copper, tin, nickel, iron ore and other industrial minerals. For decades, Amazonian governments have promoted and supported mining.

Illegal gold mining in Colombia, focuses in the department of Antioquia, where the biggest farms of this mineral, mostly illegal, but also legal, beneficial mostly to groups outside the law. It is therefore the legal issue ...

Much has been done to formalize miners in Peru; since its inception in 2006 the Ministry of Environment passed laws to align mining policies with international standards. However, the combination of the necessity to have ...