BACKGROUND AND AIMS: In Peru, the estimated prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and human T-lymphotropic virus-1 (HTLV-1) co-infection has been reported to be as high as 18%. Despite the endemicity of HTLV-1 ...

Human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2) was isolated in AIDS patients in 1986. Around 1-2 million people are infected worldwide. The virus is less transmissible than HIV-1, being sexual contacts the most frequent route ...

Diarrhea due to intestinal microbial infections is a frequent manifestation among HIV-infected patients. It has been postulated that HIV-infected patients may have special types of intestinal infections, and that immune ...

Background: To evaluate HIV infection-induced alterations in the oral mucosa by comparing inflammation, cell maturation, and cytomorphometric changes in oral mucosal cells between HIV-infected patients undergoing highly ...

Background: The human retroviruses HIV-1 and HTLV-1 share the routes of infection with hepatitis viruses B and C. Co-infection by these agents are a common event, but we have scarce knowledge on co-infection by two or more ...

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection poses one of the greatest challenges to tuberculosis (TB) control, with TB killing more people with HIV infection than any other condition. The standards in this chapter cover ...