A decade ago, the Chilean Public Defense started a program of prison litigation. This article investigates institutional factors that may have an impact on the mobilization of the rights of persons deprived of their liberty. ...

Este artículo pretende explicar el auge que, en Colombia, ha tenido la defensa judicial de la Constitución. Para tal efecto, se hace una breve caracterización del constitucionalismo colombiano, identificando y explicando ...

This article analyzes the constitutionalization of the victim and his right to legal defense, because after every crime there is a violation of a fundamental right that must be protected by a specialized State organ, said ...

Under conditions of competition for light, which lead to the inactivation of the photoreceptor phytochrome B (phyB), the growth of shade-intolerant plants is promoted and the accumulation of direct anti-herbivore defenses ...

El derecho natural y humano a defenderse, es un derecho que debe ser reconocido y respetado por el Estado y en Costa Rica, puede afirmarse que, con limitaciones impuestas por ley, constituye un derecho fundamental tutelado ...

Plants have evolved a diverse array of defensive mechanisms against biotic and abiotic stresses, which can be either constitutive or inducible. Variation in plant-intrinsic factors such as the genotype and the leaf position ...

Termite societies are abundant in the tropics, and are therefore exposed to multiple enemies and predators, especially during foraging activity. Soldiers constitute a specialized defensive caste, although workers also ...

It has been reported that, in order to reduce mortality, prey are able to change their phenotype in response to cues released from predators. These short-time responses constitute effective antipredator strategies in ...