Security and defence policy documents have sparked academic interest since their publication has become a common international practice in the 1990s. Yet, broad comparisons across time and countries have been scarce. This ...

UNASUR and its Defence Council (SADC) were created under a promising scenario of regional cooperation. Almost ten years later, a growing demand for regional cooperation arises, facing, however, low levels of political ...

In 2019, the Spanish Defence Staff launched an “adaptation” process to adjust the structure of the force and its catalogue of military capabilities up to the year 2035. It replaced the “transformation” that had guided the ...

Herbivory initiates a shift in plant metabolism from growth to defence that may reduce fitness in the absence of further herbivory. However, the defence-induced changes in carbon assimilation that precede this reallocation ...

This article describes the main features of the systems of legal defence that Latin American countries have been using when facing investment arbitration. It focuses on Argentina, Venezuela, Ecuador, Mexico, Peru, Bolivia, ...

Presentation The technical study described in this report was undertaken by the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC);, in response to a request by the Governments of Argentina and Chile for it ...

Presentation The technical study described in this report was undertaken by the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC);, in response to a request by the Governments of Argentina and Chile for ...

The effect of defoliation on growth and on levels and allocation patterns of hydroxamic acids (Hx) in maize seedlings was evaluated 6 days after treatment. No significant differences were found between defoliated and ...

Optimal defence theory (ODT) predicts that, whereas high risk of herbivory should select for high constitutive levels of defence, induced defences should be more advantageous in environments with a low probability of ...