Modifications of ontogenetic allometries play an important role in patterning the shape differentiation among populations. This study evaluates the influence of size variation on craniofacial shape disparity among human ...

The mammalian cranium is a complex structure composed by three partially independent modules: face, cranial base and cranial vault. At the same time, it interacts with the mandible by sharing the masticatory function. Since ...

The cranium is an anatomically complex structure. One source of its complexity is due to its modular organization. Cranial modules are distinct and partially independent units that interact substantially during ontogeny ...

Patterns of covariation result from the over-lapping effect of several developmental processes. By perturbing certain specific developmental processes, ex-perimental studies contribute to a better understanding of their ...

The human skull is gracile when compared to many Middle Pleistocene hominins. It has been argued that it is less able to generate and withstand high masticatory forces, and that the morphology of the lower portion of the ...

A produção de peixes está crescendo mais a cada ano e com isso surgem problemas com estresse causados pela qualidade da água e resistência a microrganismos. Substâncias bioativas podem influenciar nas respostas do sistema ...

RE-1 silencer of transcription/neural restrictive silencer factor (REST/NRSF), a transcriptional repressor, binds to the RE-1 element present in many vertebrate genes. In vitro studies indicate that REST/NRSF plays important ...

It has long been unclear whether the different derived cranial traits of modern humans evolved independently in response to separate selection pressures or whether they resulted from the inherent morphological integration ...