We present a unifying description of localized states observed in systems with coexistence of two spatially periodic states, called bi-pattern systems. Localized states are pinned over an underlying lattice that is either ...

This work deals with the problem of minimizing the waste of space that occurs on a rotational placement of a set of irregular bi-dimensional items inside a bi-dimensional container. This problem is approached with a heuristic ...

In this Letter, we find by means of first-principles calculations a new physical mechanism to generate a two-dimensional electron gas, namely, the breaking of charge ordering at the surface of a charge-ordered semiconductor ...

A process-scheduling algorithm is a fundamental operating system function that manages the assignment of CPU (Central Processing Unit) processes. It aims to make the system efficient, fast, and fair, allowing as many ...