masterThesis
Representações sociais da maternidade elaboradas por mulheres gestantes, lactantes e que vivenciaram a gestação em privação de liberdade no sistema prisional
Fecha
2019-12-04Registro en:
MEDEIROS, Anderson Brito de. Representações sociais da maternidade elaboradas por mulheres gestantes, lactantes e que vivenciaram a gestação em privação de liberdade no sistema prisional. 2019. 107f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Enfermagem) - Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, 2019.
Autor
Medeiros, Anderson Brito de
Resumen
Introduction: the gestational period during the deprivation of liberty in the prison
system, as well as lactation, are delicate, complex and marginalized processes,
undermining the best experience of motherhood. The experience of the gestational
period in the prison environment enables interactions that rework the senses and
symbolic world of these women. Objective: To analyze the social representations of
the maternity of pregnant and lactating women who experienced pregnancy deprived
of liberty in the prison system. Method: This is a qualitative study, anchored in the
assumptions of the Theoretical Paradigm of Social Representations in the structural
strand, realized with 42 pregnant and lactating women who experienced pregnancy
deprived of liberty in the prison system of the state of Rio Grande do Norte, between
May and September 2019. For data collection, we used a research instrument
consisting of a sociodemographic questionnaire, a semi-directed interview using the
free word evocation technique, associated with the substitution and
decontextualization model (mute zone), with the inducing term “being a mother in
prison” and themed storytelling. Data were analyzed by prototypic processing (fourbox table) for each matrix, for which intermediate frequencies (± 8.37 matrix 1 and ±
8.10 matrix 2) and mean evocation orders (matrix 1: ±3,08; matrix 2: ±3,01) were
automatically calculated according to the requirements. Thus, they composed the
central nuclei, the peripheries and the contrast zones. The words composition and cooccurrence test (similarity analysis) were also performed. The analytical processing
was carried out using the software Interface de R pour
les Analyses Multidimensionnelles de Textes et de Questionnaires (IRAMUTEQ),
version 7 alpha 2. A research was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the
Federal University do Rio Grande do Norte: 08005219.7.0000.5537. Results: the
participants were mostly young people between 18 and 39 years old (90.5%; n = 38)
and were single (50.0%; n = 21), 61.9% (n = 26) reported two or more pregnancies,
and 47.6% (n = 20) reported one or more abortions. In the prototypic analysis, it was
found that the term inductor resulted in 420 evocations and 133 distinct words. After
categorization and lemmatization, the number of different words evoked by women
were 84 between matrices 1 and 2. Excluding the evocations with frequency less than
three, resulted in 31.15% use. In matrix 1, the possible representation of being a
mother in prison crystallized, principally and semantically, by the terms: separation (f
= 27; OME: 2.9), sadness (f = 18; OME: 2.3), horrible (f = 16). ; OME: 2.1), pain (f =
12; OME: 2.8). In the substitution and decontextualization zone (matrix 2), the
representations were objectified by the terms separation (f = 18; OME: 3), sadness (f
= 13; OME: 2.5), fear (f = 11; OME: 2.2), horrible (f = 10; OME: 1.5). Thus, the only
lexical difference between the two nuclei was the change of the word pain for fear in
matrix 2, maintaining the crystallization between the two frames with respect to the
central nucleus. In the similarity analysis, the central nucleus, composed by the term
“separation”, had a strong co-occurrence with the words: “suffering (11), distant (4),
abandoned (3), horrible (9), adoption (4) and sadness (8)”. In this sense, the complete
analysis presented the suffering of the rupture of the mother-child maternal dyad as the social representation of the participants about motherhood, since the moment of
separation is experienced very early by women, when projecting the untying. Final
considerations: It was evidenced that the social representations of the study
participants present generalized feelings and meanings of “being a mother in prison”,
which reflect directly on the suffering experienced by the maternal dyad with
separation, which weaken and potentiate women's imprisonment. , meaning for these
women, essentially, suffering for the dichotomy of the bond with the child.