masterThesis
Asociación entre la asimetría del salto en contramovimento y la altura del salto en militares de Colombia
Fecha
2019Autor
Rincón Medina, John Jairo
Institución
Resumen
Musculoskeletal system injuries associated with military training are one of the major problems that military institutions must confront, due to the high costs. The training programs that are carried out during the initiation of the military, prove the increase in injuries that occur in the first six (6) months of admission. In which the risk factors that provoke it, are not yet clear. As a matter of fact, asymmetries are one of the main risk factors that alter the mechanics of the neuromuscular system. These changes affect the performance and favor the appearance of musculoskeletal injuries that can be acquired by training, or that could have been present in the military before incorporation. AIM: To determine the relationship between the asymmetries and the countermovement jump test with the performance of the lower train. METHODOLOGY: First, a cross-sectional study in a cohort of 124 cadets (94 men and 32 women) with an average weight of 61.6 ± 10.1 kg, through ages 18 ± 1 years all of whom entered the military school in year 2017. Second, a measurement of the countermovement jump test was performed using uniaxial force platforms. Specifically, variables including peak power (43.74 ± 7.8 watts), jump height (28.29 ± 6 cm), asymmetry of the landing peak (17.9 ± 14), percentage of the asymmetry of the concentric average force (7.1 ± 5.3) and finally, the asymmetry of the Rate of Force Development (RFD) in the eccentric deceleration (15.9 ± 11.5). RESULTS: Over a comparison of genders, differences in weight 64 vs 54 kg, p = 0.05) and jump height (30.7 vs 21.07 cm, p = 0.001) were found. By segmenting the database into terciles in the percentage of asymmetry of the Rate of Force Development (RFD) of the eccentric deceleration, differences were found in the personnel. Explicitly, asymmetries bigger than 21 (chi2 p= 0.05), among the subjects that presented injuries in legs. CONCLUSIONS: An association was found between the performance variables of the countermovement jump that determine the baseline status of the incoming soldiers, leading to the findings of reference values of the asymmetries in the Colombian military population. Particularly, the eccentric deceleration TDF was used as a reference marker to evaluate injury risk factors and neuromuscular performance in Colombian military.