Artículos de revistas
Mesoarchean (3.0 And 2.86 Ga) Host Rocks Of The Iron Oxide-cu-au Bacaba Deposit, Carajás Mineral Province: U-pb Geochronology And Metallogenetic Implications
Registro en:
Mineralium Deposita. , v. 46, n. 7, p. 789 - 811, 2011.
264598
10.1007/s00126-011-0352-9
2-s2.0-80255129230
Autor
Moreto C.P.N.
Monteiro L.V.S.
Xavier R.P.
Amaral W.S.
dos Santos T.J.S.
Juliani C.
de Filho C.R.S.
Institución
Resumen
The Bacaba iron oxide-copper-gold deposit, situated within a WNW-ESE-striking shear zone in the Carajás Domain, Carajás Mineral Province, is hosted by the Serra Dourada Granite, the Bacaba Tonalite, and crosscutting gabbro intrusions, which were intensely affected by sodic (albite-scapolite), potassic, chloritic, and hydrolytic hydrothermal alteration. This deposit is located 7 km northeast of the world-class Sossego iron oxide-copper-gold deposit and might represent a distal and deeper portion of the same or related hydrothermal system. The U-Pb laser ablation inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry data for zircon from a sodically altered sample of the Serra Dourada Granite yielded a 2,860±22 Ma (MSWD=11. 5) age. Three samples from the Bacaba Tonalite, including one with potassic alteration and two with Cu-Au mineralization, rendered the 3,001. 2±3. 6 Ma (MSWD=1. 8), 2,990. 9±5. 8 Ma (MSWD=1. 9), and 3,004. 6±9 Ma (MSWD=2. 2) ages, respectively. The ca. 2. 86 and ca. 3. 0 Ga ages are interpreted as the timing of the igneous crystallization of the Serra Dourada Granite and the Bacaba Tonalite, respectively, and represent the oldest magmatic events recognized in the Carajás Domain. The Serra Dourada Granite and the Bacaba Tonalite are interpreted to greatly predate the genesis of the Bacaba deposit. A genetic link is improbable in the light of the similarities with the Sossego deposit, which is also hosted by younger ca. 2. 76 Ga metavolcano-sedimentary units of the Itacaiúnas Supergroup. In this context, the iron oxide-copper-gold deposits in the southern sector of the Carajás Domain could be mainly controlled by important crustal discontinuities, such as a regional shear zone, rather than be associated with a particular rock type. These results expand the potential for occurrences of iron oxide-copper-gold deposits within the Mesoarchean basement rocks underlying the Carajás Basin, particularly those crosscut by Neoarchean shear zones. © 2011 Springer-Verlag. 46 7 789 811 Adshead, N.D., (1995) Geology, alteration and geochemistry of the Osborne Cu-Au deposit, Cloncurry District, NW Queensland, p. 382. , Ph. D. thesis, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia Almeida, J.A.C., (2010) Geologia, Geoquímica, Geocronologia e Petrogênese das suítes TTG e dos leucogranitos arqueanos do Terreno Granito-Greenstone Rio Maria, sudeste do Cráton Amazônico, p. 224. , Ph. D. dissertation, Universidade Federal do Pará, Brazil Almeida, J.A.C., Dall'Agnol, R., Dias, S.B., Althodd, F.J., Origin of the Archean leucogranodiorite-granite suites: evidence from the Rio Maria terrane and implications for granite magmatism in the Archean (2010) Lithos, 120, pp. 235-257 Althoff, F.J., (1996) Étude pétrologique et structurale des granitoïdes de Marajoara (Pará, Brésil): Leur rôle dans l'évolution archéenne du craton Amazonien, p. 296. , (2. 7-3. 2 Ga). Ph. D. thesis, Université Henri Poincaré, Nancy I, France Althoff, F.J., Barbey, P., Boullier, A.M., Champenois, M., The Archaean evolution of a crustal segment over 100 Ma: the Amazonian craton. EUG VII, Strasbourg (1993) Terra Abstr, 5, p. 32 Althoff, F.J., Barbey, P., Macambira, M., Scheller, T., Leterrier, J., Dall'Agnol, R., Lafon, J.-M., (1998) La croissance du craton sud-amazonien (région de Rio Maria, Brésil), p. 62. , Réunion Sci. Terre, Brest, Soc. Géol. Fr, Abstract Alves, C.L., (2006) Petrologia, geoquímica e geocronologia do granito Ramal do Lontra e sua relação com a tectônica e metamorfismo do Cinturão Araguaia, Xambioá (TO), p. 138. , M. Sc. thesis, Universidade Federal do Pará, Brazil Augusto, R.A., Monteiro, L.V.S., Xavier, R., Souza Filho, C.R., Zonas de alteração hidrotermal e paragênese do minério de cobre do Alvo Bacaba, Província Mineral de Carajás (PA) (2008) Rev Bras Geocienc, 38 (2), pp. 263-277 Avelar, V.G., Lafon, J.M., Correia Jr., F.C., Macambira, B.E.M., O magmatismo arqueano da região de Tucumã, Província Mineral de Carajás, Amazônia Oriental, Brasil: novos dados geocronológicos (1999) Rev Bras Geocienc, 29, pp. 453-460 Bao, Z., Wang, Q., Bai, G., Zhao, Z., Impact of hydrothermal alteration on the U-Pb isotopic system of zircons from the Fangcheng syenites in the Qinling orogen, Henan Province, China (2009) Chin J Geochem, 28, pp. 163-171 Barbosa, A.A., Lafon, J.-M., Geocronologia Pb-Pb e Rb-Sr de granitóides arqueanos da região de Redenção, sul do Pará (1996) Rev Bras Geocienc, 26, pp. 255-264 Barros, C.E.M., Dall'Agnol, R., Lafon, J.M., Teixeira, N.P., Ribeiro, J.W., Geologia e geocronologia Rb-Sr do Gnaisse Estrela, Curionópolis, PA (1992) Bol Mus Para Emilio Goeldi, Cienc Terra, 4, pp. 83-102 Barros, C.E.M., Macambira, M.J.B., Barbey, P., Scheller, T., Dados isotópicos Pb-Pb em zircão (evaporação) e Sm-Nd do Complexo Granítico Estrela, Província Mineral de Carajás, Brasil: implicações petrológicas e tectônicas (2004) Rev Bras Geocienc, 34, pp. 531-538 Black, L.P., Williams, I.S., Compston, W., Four zircon ages from one rock: the history of a 3930 Ma-old granulite from Mount Sones, Enderby Land, Antarctica (1986) Contrib Miner Petrol, 94, pp. 427-437 Bühn, B., Pimentel, M.M., Matteini, M., Dantas, E.L., High spatial resolution analysis of Pb and U isotopes for geochronology by laser ablation multi-collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-MC-ICP-MS) (2009) An Acad Bras Ciênc, 81 (1), pp. 1-16 Cathles, L.M., Erendi, A.H.J., Barrie, T., How long can a hydrothermal system be sustained by a single intrusive event? (1997) Econ Geol, 92, pp. 766-771 Cherniak, D.J., Watson, E.B., Pb diffusion in zircon (2000) Chem Geol, 172, p. 5 Cherniak, D.J., Hanchar, J.M., Watson, E.B., Rare-earth diffusion in zircon (1997) Chem Geol, 134, pp. 289-301 Cherniak, D.J., Hanchar, J.M., Watson, E.B., Diffusion of tetravalent cations in zircon (1997) Contrib Miner Petrol, 127, pp. 383-390 Chiaradia, M., Banks, D., Cliff, R., Marschik, R., de Haller, A., Origin of fluids in iron oxide-copper-gold deposits: constraints from δ37Cl, 87Sr/86Sr and Cl/Br (2006) Miner Depos, 41, pp. 565-573 Connelly, J.N., Degree of preservation of igneous zonation in zircon as a signpost for concordancy in U/Pb geochronology (2001) Chem Geol, 172, pp. 25-39 Cordani, U., (1981) Comentários sobre as determinações geocronológicas da região da Serra dos Carajás, , Report, Universidade de São Paulo-Docegeo Corfu, F., Hanchar, J.M., Hoskin, P.W.O., Kinny, P.D., An atlas of zircon textures (2003) Zircon. Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry, 53, pp. 469-500. , J. M. Hanchar and P. W. O. Hoskin (Eds.), Washington, DC: Mineralogical Society of America Dahl, P.S., A crystal-chemical basis for Pb retention and fission-track annealing systematics in U-bearing minerals, with implications for geochronology (1997) Earth Planet Sci Lett, 150, pp. 277-290 Dall'Agnol, R., Oliveira, D.C., Oxidized, magnetite-series, rapakivi-type granites of Carajás, Brazil: implications for classification and petrogenesis of A-type granites (2007) Lithos, 93, pp. 215-233 Dall'Agnol, R., Souza, Z.S., Althoff, F.J., Barros, C.E.M., Leite, A.A.S., Jorge-João, X.S., (1997) General aspects of the granitogenesis of the Carajás metallogenetic province, pp. 135-161. , In: International Symposium on Granites and Associated Mineralizations, Salvador, Excursion Guide Dall'Agnol, R., Rämö, O.T., Magalhães, M.S., Macambira, M.J.B., Petrology of the anorogenic, oxidised Jamon and Musa granites, Amazonian craton: implications for the genesis of Proterozoic A-type granites (1999) Lithos, 46, pp. 431-462 Dall'Agnol, R., Teixeira, N.P., Rämö, O.T., Moura, C.A.V., Macambira, M.J.B., Oliveira, D.C., Petrogenesis of the paleoproterozoic, rapakivi, A-type granites of the Archean Carajás Metallogenic Province, Brazil (2005) Lithos, 80, pp. 101-129 Dall'Agnol, R., Oliveira, M.A., Almeida, J.A.C., Althoff, F.J., Leite, A.A.S., Oliveira, D.C., Barros, C.E.M., Archean and paleoproterozoic granitoids of the Carajás Metallogenic Province, eastern Amazonian craton (2006) Symposium on magmatism, crustal evolution and metallogenesis of the Amazoniam Craton, Belém, Excursion Guide, pp. 99-150 Dardenne, M.A., Schobbenhaus, C.S., (2001) Metalogênese Do Brasil, , 392 p, Brasília: Editora Universidade de Brasília/CNPq Degeling, H., Eggins, S., Ellis, D.J., Zr budgets for metamorphic reactions, and the formation of zircon from garnet breakdown (2001) Mineral Mag, 65, pp. 749-758 Dias, G.S., Macambira, M.B., Dall'Agnol, R., Soares, A.D.V., Barros, C.E.M., Datações de zircões de sill de metagabro: comprovação de idade arqueana da Formação Águas Claras, Carajás, Pará (1996) V Simpósio de Geologia da Amazônia, SBG, pp. 376-378 (1988) Revisão litoestratigráfica da Província Mineral de Carajás-Litoestratigrafia e principais depósitos minerais, pp. 11-54. , DOCEGEO, 35°Congr Bras Geol, Belém, SBG, Proceedings Feio, G.R.L., Dall'Agnol, R., Soares, J.E.B., Gomes, A.C.B., (2009) Geoquímica do magmatismo granitóide arqueano da região de Canaã dos Carajás. XI Simp, , Geol Amazon, Manaus (CD-ROM) Friend, C.R.L., Kinny, P.D., New evidence for protolith ages of Lewisian granulites, northwest Scotland (1995) Geology, 23, pp. 1027-1030 Fu, B., Mernagh, T.P., Kita, N.T., Kemp, A.I.S., Valley, J.W., Distinguishing magmatic zircon from hydrothermal zircon: a case study from the Gidginbung high-sulphidation Au-Ag-(Cu) deposit, SE Australia (2009) Chem Geol, 259, pp. 131-142 Galarza, M.A., (2002) Geocronologia e Geoquímica Isotópica dos Depósitos de Cu-Au Igarapé Bahia e Gameleira, Província Mineral de Carajás (PA), , Brasil. Ph. D. thesis, Universidade Federal do Pará, Brazil Galarza, M.A., Macambira, M.J.B., Petrologia e geocronologia das rochas encaixantes do depósito de Cu-Au Igarapé Bahia, Província Mineral de Carajás, Pará, Brasil (2002) Contribuições à Geologia Da Amazônia, 3, pp. 153-168. , E. L. Kein, M. L. Vasquez, and L. T. Rosa-Costa (Eds.), Belém: SBG/NN Galarza, M.A., Macambira, M.J.B., Geocronologia e Evolução Crustal da Área do Depósito de Cu-Au Gameleira, Província Mineral de Carajás (Pará) (2002) Bras Geol USP Série Científica, 2, pp. 143-159 Galarza, M.A., Macambira, M.J.B., Villas, R.N., Dating and isotopic characteristics (Pb and S) of the Fe oxide-Cu-Au-U-REE Igarapé Bahia ore deposit, Carajás Mineral Province, Pará state, Brazil (2008) J South Am Earth Sci, 25, pp. 377-397 Geisler, T., Pidgeon, R.T., Kurtz, R., van Bronswijk, W., Schleicher, H., Experimental hydrothermal alteration of partially metamict zircon (2003) Am Mineral, 88, pp. 1496-1513 Geisler, T., Rashwan, A.A., Rahn, M.K.W., Poller, U., Zwingmann, H., Pidgeon, R.T., Schleicher, H., Tomaschek, F., Low temperature hydrothermal alteration of natural metamict zircons from the Eastern Desert, Egypt (2003) Mineral Mag, 67, pp. 485-508 Gibbs, A.K., Wirth, K.R., Hirata, W.K., Olzewski Jr., W.J., Age and composition of the Grão-Pará Group volcanics, Serra dos Carajás (1986) Rev Bras Geocienc, 16, pp. 201-211 Gomes, A.C.B., Geologia, petrografia e geoquímica dos granitóides de Canaã dos Carajás, SE do Estado do Pará (2003) Belém. M. Sc. thesis, Universidade Federal do Pará, Brazil, p. 160 Gomes, A.C.B., Dall'Agnol, R., Oliveira, M.A., Granitos arqueanos cálcico-alcalinos e do tipo-A da região a leste de Canaã dos Carajás (2004) Anais do Congr Bras Geol, 42. , Araxá. (CD-ROM) Grainger, C.J., Groves, D.I., Tallarico, F.H.B., Fletcher, I.R., Metallogenesis of the Carajás Mineral Province, Southern Amazon Craton, Brazil: varying styles of Archean through Paleoproterozoic to Neoproterozoic base- and precious-metal mineralisation (2008) Ore Geol Rev, 33, pp. 451-489 Hitzman, M.W., Iron oxide-Cu-au deposits: what, where, when, and why (2000) Hydrothermal iron oxide cooper-gold and related deposits: A global perspective Austral Miner Fund, Adelaide, pp. 9-25. , In: Porter TM (ed) Hitzman, M.W., Oreskes, N., Einaudi, M.T., Geological characteristics and tectonic setting of Proterozoic iron oxide (Cu-U-Au-REE) deposits (1992) Precambrian Res, 58, pp. 241-287 Holdsworth, R., Pinheiro, R., The anatomy of shallow-crustal transpressional structures: insights from the Archean Carajás fault zone, Amazon, Brazil (2000) J Struct Geol, 22, pp. 1105-1123 Hoskin, P.W.O., Trace-element composition of hydrothermal zircon and the alteration of Hadean zircon from the Jack Hills, Australia (2005) Geochim Cosmochim Acta, 69, pp. 637-648 Hoskin, P.W.O., Black, L.P., Metamorphic zircon formation by solid-state recrystallization of protolith igneous zircon (2000) J Metamorph Geol, 18, pp. 423-439 Hoskin, P.W.O., Schaltegger, U., The composition of zircon and igneous and metamorphic petrogenesis (2003) Zircon. Rev Mineral Geochem, 53, pp. 27-62. , J. M. Hanchar and P. W. O. Hoskin (Eds.), Washington, DC: Mineralogical Society of America Huhn, S.R.B., Souza, C.I.J., Albuquerque, M.C., Leal, E.D., Brustolin, V., (1999) Descoberta do depósito Cu(Au) Cristalino: Geologia e mineralização associada região da Serra do Rabo, Carajás-PA, pp. 140-143. , VI Simpósio de Geologia da Amazônia, SBG/NO Huhn, S.R.B., Macambira, M.J.B., Dall'Agnol, R., (1999) Geologia e geocronologia Pb-Pb do Granito Alcalino Planalto, Região da Serra do Rabo, Carajás-PA, pp. 463-466. , VI Simpósio de Geologia da Amazônia, SBG/NO Jackson, S.E., Pearson, N.J., Griffin, W.L., Belousova, E.A., The application of laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry to in situ U-Pb zircon geochronology (2004) Chem Geol, 211, pp. 47-69 Kalsbeek, F., Taylor, P.N., Pigdeon, R.T., Unreworked Archean basement and Proterozoic supracrustal rocks from northeastern Disko Bugt, West Greenland: implications for the nature of Proterozoic mobile belts in Greenland (1988) Can J Earth Sci, 25, pp. 773-782 Kendrick, M.A., Mark, G., Phillips, D., Mid-crustal fluid mixing in a Proterozoic Fe oxide-Cu-Au deposit, Ernest Henry, Australia: evidence from Ar, Kr, Xe, Cl, Br, and I (2007) Earth Planet Sci Lett, 256, pp. 328-343 Kröner, A., Jaeckel, P., Williams, I.S., Pb-loss patterns in zircons from a high-grade metamorphic terrain as revealed by different dating methods: U-Pb and Pb-Pb ages for igneous and metamorphic zircons from northern Sri Lanka (1994) Precambrian Res, 66, pp. 151-181 Lafon, J.-M., Rodrigues, E., Duarte, K.D., Le granite Mata Surrão: un magmatisme monzogranitique contemporain des associations tonalitiques-trondhjé-mitiques-granodioritiques archeénnes de la région de Rio Maria (Amazonie orientale, Brésil) (1994) C R Acad Sci Paris, 318, pp. 643-649 Lancaster Oliveira, J., Fanton, J., Almeida, A.J., Leveille, R.A., Vieira, S., (2000) Discovery and geology of the Sossego copper-gold deposit, Carajás District, Pará State, Brazil, , 31st International Geology Congress, IUGS, [CD-ROM] Lee, J.K.W., Williams, I.S., Ellis, D.J., Pb, U and Th diffusion in natural zircon (1997) Nature, 390, p. 159 Leite, A.A.S., Dall'Agnol, R., Macambira, M.J.B., Althoff, F.J., Geologia e geocronologia dos granitóides arqueanos da região de Xinguara (PA) e suas implicações na evolução do Terreno Granito-Greenstone de Rio Maria (2004) Rev Bras Geocienc, 34, pp. 447-458 Lindenmayer, Z.G., Depósito de Cu-Au do Salobo, Serra dos Carajás: Uma revisão (2003) Caracterização E Modelamento De depósitos Minerais, pp. 69-98. , L. H. Ronchi and F. J. Althoff (Eds.), São Leopoldo: Editora Unisinos Lindenmayer, Z.G., Teixeira, J.B.G., Ore genesis at the Salobo copper deposit, Serra dos Carajás (1999) Base Metal Deposits of Brazil, pp. 33-43. , M. G. Silva and A. Misi (Eds.), Brasília: MME/CPRM/DNPM Ludwig, K.R., (2003) User's manual for isoplot/ex v. 3. 00. A geochronological toolkit for Microsoft Excel, p. 71. , BGC special publication 4, Berkeley Macambira, M.J.B., Lancelot, J., Idade U-Pb em zircões de metavulcânica do greenstone do Supergrupo Andorinhas delimitante da estratigrafia arqueana de Carajás, Estado do Pará (1992) Congr Bras Geol, São Paulo, 2, pp. 188-189 Macambira, M.J.B., Lancelot, J., Time constraints of Archean Rio Maria crust, Southeastern Amazonian Craton, Brazil (1996) Int Geol Rev, 38 (12), pp. 1134-1142 Macambira, M.J.B., Lafon, J.-M., Pidgeon, R.T., Crescimento crustal arqueano registrado em zircões de sedimentos da região de Rio Maria, Província Carajás, Pará (1998) 40th Congr Bras Geol, SBG, Belo Horizonte, p. 55. , Proceedings Machado, N., Lindenmayer, D.H., Krough, T.E., Lindenmayer, Z.G., U-Pb geochronology of Archean magmatism and basement reactivation in the Carajás area, Amazon Shield, Brazil (1991) Precambrian Res, 49, pp. 1-26 Mark, G., Foster, D.W., Pollard, P.J., Williams, P.J., Tolman, J., Darwall, M., Blake, K.L., Stable isotope evidence for magmatic fluid input during large-scale Na-Ca alteration in the Cloncurry Fe oxide Cu-Au district, NW Queensland, Australia (2004) Terra Nova, 16, pp. 54-61 Marschik, R., Mathur, R., Ruiz, J., Leveille, R., Almeida, A.J., Late Archean Cu-Au-Mo mineralization at Gameleira and Serra Verde, Carajás Mineral Province, Brazil: constraints from Re-Os molybdenite ages (2005) Miner Depos, 39, pp. 983-991 Meldrum, A., Boatner, L.A., Weber, W.J., Ewing, R.C., Radiation damage in zircon and monazite (1998) Geochim Cosmochim Acta, 62, pp. 2509-2520 Meldrum, A., Zinkle, S.J., Boatner, L.A., Ewing, R.C., Amorphization, recrystallization, and phase decomposition in the ABO4 orthosilicates (1999) Phys Rev B, 59, pp. 3981-3992 Monteiro, L.V.S., Xavier, R.P., Souza Filho, C.R., Augusto, R.A., (2007) Aplicação de isótopos estáveis ao estudo dos padrões de distribuição das zonas de alteração hidrotermal associados ao sistema de óxido de ferro-cobre-ouro Sossego, Província Mineral de Carajás. XI Congresso Brasileiro de Geoquímica, 2007, , Atibaia, SBGq [CD-ROM] Monteiro, L.V.S., Xavier, R.P., Carvalho, E.R., Hitzman, M.W., Johnson, C.A., Souza Filho, C.R., Torresi, I., Spatial and temporal zoning of hydrothermal alteration and mineralization in the Sossego iron oxide-copper-gold deposit, Carajás Mineral Province, Brazil: paragenesis and stable isotope constraints (2008) Miner Depos, 43, pp. 129-159 Monteiro, L.V.S., Xavier, R.P., Hitzman, M.W., Juliani, C., Souza Filho, C.R., Carvalho, E.R., Mineral chemistry of ore and hydrothermal alteration at the Sossego iron oxide-copper-gold deposit, Carajás Mineral Province, Brazil (2008) Ore Geol Rev, 34, pp. 317-336 Mora, C.I., Valley, J.W., Halogen-rich scapolite and biotite: implications for metamorphic fluid-rock interactions (1989) Am Mineral, 74, pp. 721-737 Moroni, M., Girardi, V.A.V., Ferrario, A., The Serra Pelada Au-PGE deposit, Serra dos Carajás (Pará State, Brazil): geological and geochemical indications for a composite mineralising process (2001) Miner Deposita, 36, pp. 768-785 Mortimer, G.E., Cooper, J.A., Paterson, H.L., Cross, K., Hudson, G.R.T., Uppill, R.K., Zircon U-Pb dating in the vicinity of the Olympic Dam Cu-U-Au deposit, Roxby Downs, South Australia (1988) Econ Geol, 83, pp. 694-709 Mougeot, R., Respaut, J.P., Briqueu, L., Ledru, P., Milesi, J.P., Macambira, M.J.B., Huhn, S.B., Geochronological constrains for the age of the Águas Claras Formation (Carajás Province, Pará, Brazil) (1996) CONG. BRAS. GEOL., 39, pp. 579-581. , Salvador, 1996. Anais, Salvador, SBG. 6 Moura, C.A.V., Sousa, C.S., Idades Pb-Pb em zircão por evaporação no Granito Santa Luzia: implicações para determinação da idade da granitogênese brasiliana tardi-tectônica no Cinturão Araguaia (TO) (2002) 41th Congr Bras Geol, SBG, João Pessoa, p. 500. , Proceedings Murakami, T., Chakoumakos, B.C., Ewing, R.C., Lumpkin, G.R., Weber, W.J., Alpha-decay event damage in zircon (1991) Am Mineral, 76, pp. 1510-1532 Mustard, R., Baker, T., Williams, P.J., Mernagh, T., Ryan, C., van Achterbergh, E., Adshead, D., The role of unmixing in magnetite-copper deposition in the Fe oxide-Cu-Au systems (2004) Predictive mineral discovery CRC Conference, , Barossa Valley Neves, M.P., (2006) Estudos isotópicos (Pb-Pb, Sm-Nd, C e O) do depósito Cu-Au do Sossego, Província Mineral de Carajás., p. 116. , M. Sc. thesis, Universidade Federal do Pará, Brazil Nogueira, A.C.R., Truckenbrod, W., Costa, J.B.S., Pinheiro, R.V.L., (1994) Análise faciológica e estrutural da Formação Águas Claras, Pré-Cambriano da Serra dos Carajás, pp. 363-364. , IV Simpósio de Geologia da Amazônia Nogueira, A.C.R., Truckenbrod, W., Pinheiro, R.V.L., (2000) Storm and tide-dominated siliciclastic deposits of the Archean Águas Claras Formation, Serra dos Carajás, Brazil, , 31st International Geological Congress, Rio de Janeiro. Soc Brasil Geol, Abstract volume [CD-ROM] Oliveira, M.A., (2009) Petrogênese e evolução magmática da Suíte Sanukitóide Rio Maria, Terreno Granito-Greenstone de Rio Maria, Cráton Amazônico, p. 176. , Ph. D. dissertation, Universidade Feredal do Pará, Brazil Oliveira, M.A., Dall'Agnol, R., Althoff, F.J., Leite, A.A.S., Mesoarchean sanukitoid rocks of the Rio Maria granite-greenstone terrane, Amazonian craton, Brazil (2009) J South Am Earth Sci, 27, pp. 146-160 Oliveira, M.A., Dall'Agnol, R., Scaillet, B., Petrological constraints on crystallization conditions of Mesoarchean Sanukitoid Rocks, southeastern Amazonian craton, Brazil (2010) J Petrol, 51 (10), pp. 2121-2148 Orville, P.M., Stability of scapolite in the system Ab-An-NaCl-CaCO3 at 4 kb and 750°C (1975) Geochim Cosmochim Acta, 39, pp. 1091-1105 Pelleter, E., Cheilletz, A., Gasquet, D., Mouttaqi, A., Annich, M., El Hakourd, A., Deloule, E., Féraude, G., Hydrothermal zircons: a tool for ion microprobe U-Pb dating of gold mineralization (Tamlalt-Menhouhou gold deposit-Morocco) (2007) Chem Geol, 245, pp. 135-161 Perring, C.S., Pollard, P.J., Dong, G., Nunn, A.J., Blake, K.L., The lightning creek sill complex, Cloncurry district, northwest Queensland: a source of fluid for Fe oxide-Cu-Au mineralization and sodic-calcic alteration (2000) Econ Geol, 95, pp. 1067-1069 Pidgeon, R.T., Recrystallization of oscillatory zoned zircon: some geochronological and petrological implications (1992) Contrib Miner Petrol, 110, pp. 463-472 Pidgeon, R.T., O'Neil, J., Silver, L.T., Uranium and lead isotopic stability in a metamict zircon under experimental hydrothermal conditions (1966) Science, 154, pp. 1538-1540 Pidgeon, R.T., Wilde, S.A., Comston, W., Shield, M.W., Archean evolution of the Wongan Hills Greenstone Belt, Yilgarn Craton, Western Australia (1990) Aust J Earth Sci, 37, pp. 279-292 Pidgeon, R.T., Nemchin, A.A., Hitchen, G.J., Internal structures of zircons from Archean granites from the darling range batholith: implications for zircon stability and the interpretation of zircon U-Pb ages (1998) Contrib Miner Petrol, 132, pp. 288-299 Pidgeon, R.T., Macambira, M.J.B., Lafon, J.M., Th-U-Pb isotopic systems and internal structures of complex zircons from an enderbite from the Pium Complex, Carajás Province, Brazil: evidence for the ages of granulite facies metamorphism and the protolith of the enderbite (2000) Chem Geol, 166, pp. 159-171 Pimentel, M.M., Machado, N., Geocronologia U-Pb dos terrenos granito-greenstone de Rio Maria, Pará (1994) Cong Bras Geol, Anais, Sociedade Brasileira de Geologia, 2, pp. 390-391 Pimentel, M.M., Lindenmayer, Z.G., Laux, J.H., Armstrong, R., Araújo, J.C., Geochronology and Nd geochemistry of the Gameleira Cu-Au deposit, Serra dos Carajás, Brazil: 1.8-1.7 Ga hydrothermal alteration and mineralization (2003) J South Am Earth Sci, 15, pp. 803-813 Pollard, P.J., Sodic-(calcic) alteration in Fe-oxide-Cu-Au districts: an origin via unmixing of magmatic H2O-CO2-NaCl + CaCl2-KCl fluids (2001) Miner Depos, 36, pp. 93-100 Pollard, P.J., An intrusion-related origin for Cu-Au mineralization in iron oxide-copper-gold (IOCG) provinces (2006) Miner Depos, 41, pp. 179-187 Rasmussen, B., Zircon growth in very low grade meta-sedimentary rocks: evidence for zirconium mobility at ~250°C (2005) Contrib Miner Petrol, 150, pp. 146-155 Réquia, K., Stein, H., Fontboté, L., Chiaradia, M., Re-Os and Pb-Pb geochronology of the Archean Salobo iron oxide copper-gold deposit, Carajá Mineral Province, northern Brazil (2003) Miner Depos, 38, pp. 727-738 Rodrigues, E.S., Lafon, J.M., Scheller, T., Geocronologia Pb-Pb da Província Mineral de Carajás: primeiros resultados (1992) Cong Bras Geol, 37, Bol. Res. Exp., SBG, São Paulo, 2, pp. 183-184 Rolando, A.P., Macambira, M.J.B., (2003) Archean crust formation in Inajá Range area, SSE of Amazonian Craton, Brazil, based on zircon ages and Nd isotopes, , IV South American Symposium on Isotope Geology, Short papers [CD-ROM] Rubin, J.N., Henry, C.D., Price, J.G., Hydrothermal zircons and zircon overgrowths, Sierra Blanca Peaks, Texas (1989) Am Mineral, 74, pp. 865-869 Sardinha, A.S., Dall'Agnol, R., Gomes, A.C.B., Macambira, M.J.B., Galarza, M.A., Geocronologia Pb-Pb e U-Pb em zircões de granitóides arqueanos da região de Canaã dos Carajás, Província Mineral de Carajás (2004) SBG, Congresso Brasileiro de Geologia, 42. , [CD-ROM] Sardinha, A.S., Barros, C.E.M., Krymsky, M., Geology, geochemistry and U-Pb geochronology of the Archean (2.74 Ga) Serra do Rabo granite stocks, Carajás Metalogenetic Province, northern Brazil (2006) J South Am Earth Sci, 20, pp. 327-339 Satish-Kumar, M., Hermann, J., Tsunogae, T., Osanai, Y., Carbonation of Cl-rich scapolite boudins in Skallen, East Antarctica: evidence for changing fluid condition in the continental crust (2006) J Metamorph Geol, 24 (3), pp. 241-261. , doi:10.1111/j.1525-1314.2006.00635.x Sato, K., Tassinari, C.C.G., Principais eventos de acreção continental no Cráton Amazônico baseados em idademodelo Sm-Nd, calculada em evoluções de estágio único e estágio duplo (1997) Costa MLC, Angélica RS (coords.) Contribuição à Geologia da Amazônia, pp. 91-142. , SBG-NO Schaltegger, U., Fanning, C.M., Gunther, D., Maurin, J.C., Schulmann, K., Gebauer, D., Growth, annealing and recrystallization of zircon and preservation of monazite in high-grade metamorphism: conventional and in situ U-Pb isotope, cathodoluminescence and microchemical evidence (1999) Contrib Miner Petrol, 134, pp. 186-201 Silva, C.M.C., Villas, R.N., The Águas Claras Cu-sulfide ± Au deposit, Carajás region, Pará, Brazil: geological setting, wall-rock alteration and mineralizing fluids (1998) Rev Bras Geocienc, 28 (3), pp. 315-326 Silva, M.G., Teixeira, J.B.G., Pimentel, M.M., Vasconcelos, P.M., Arielo, A., Rocha, W.J.S.F., Geologia e mineralizações de Fe-Cu-Au do Alvo GT46 (Igarapé Cinzento, Carajás) (2005) Caracterização De Depósitos Minerais Em Distritos Mineiros Da Amazônia, pp. 94-151. , O. J. Marini, E. T. Queiroz, and B. W. Ramos (Eds.), Brasilia: DNPM-CT/Mineral-ADIMB Soares, A.D.V., Macambira, M.J.B., Santos, M.G.S., Vieira, E.A.P., Massoti, F.S., Souza, C.I.J., Padilha, J.L., Magni, M.C.V., (2001) Depósito Cu(Au) Cristalino, Serra dos Carajás, PA: Idade da mineralização com base em análises Pb-Pb em sulfetos (dados preliminares), , SBG, Simpósio de Geologia da Amazônia, 7, Res Expandidos [CD-ROM] Souza, Z.S., (1994) Geologia e petrogênese do "greenstone belt" Identidade: Implicações sobre a evolução geodinâmica do terreno granite-greenstone de Rio Maria, SE do Pará, p. 625. , Ph. D. dissertation, Universidade Federal do Pará, Brazil Souza, L.H., Vieira, E.A.P., Salobo 3 Alpha Deposit: geology and mineralisation (2000) Hydrothermal Iron Oxide Copper-Gold & Related Deposits: A Global Perspective, pp. 213-224. , T. M. Porter (Ed.), Adelaide: Austral Miner Found Souza, Z.S., Medeiros, H., Althoff, F.J., Dall'Agnol, R., (1990) Geologia do terreno "granito-greenstone" da região de Rio Maria, sudeste do Pará, pp. 2913-2928. , Congresso Brasileiro de Geologia, Natal 6 Souza, S.R.B., Macambira, M.J.B., Sheller, T., (1996) Novos dados geocronológicos para os granitos deformados do Rio Itacaiúnas (Serra dos Carajás, PA) implicações estratigráficas, pp. 380-383. , V Simpósio de Geologia da Amazônia, Belém, Proceedings Souza, Z.S., Potrel, H., Lafon, J.M., Althoff, F.J., Pimentel, M.M., Dall'Agnol, R., Oliveira, C.G., Nd, Pb and Sr isotopes of the identidade belt, an archaean greenstone belt of the Rio Maria region (Carajás Province, Brazil): implications for the archaean geodynamic evolution of the Amazonian craton (2001) Precambrian Res, 109, pp. 293-315 Stacey, J.S., Kramers, J.D., Approximation of terrestrial lead isotope evolution by a two-stage model (1975) Earth Planet Sci Lett, 26, pp. 207-221 Stein, H.J., Cathles, L.M., The timing and duration of hydrothermal events (1997) Econ Geol, 92, pp. 763-765 Tallarico, F.H.B., (2003) O cinturão cupro-aurífero de Carajás, Brasil, p. 229. , Ph. D. thesis, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Brazil Tallarico, F.H.B., Coimbra, C.R., Costa, C.H.C., The Serra Leste sediment-hosted Au-(Pt-Pd) mineralization, Carajás Province (2000) Rev Bras Geocienc, 30 (2), pp. 226-229 Tallarico, F.H.B., McNaughton, N.J., Groves, D.I., Fletcher, I.R., Figueiredo, B.R., Carvalho, J.B., Rego, J.L., Nunes, A.R., Geological and SHRIMP II U-Pb constraints on the age and origin of the Breves Cu-Au-(W-Bi-Sn) deposit, Carajás, Brazil (2004) Miner Depos, 39, pp. 68-86 Tallarico, F.H.B., Figueiredo, B.R., Groves, D.I., Kositcin, N., McNaughton, N.J., Fletcher, I.R., Rego, J.L., Geology and SHRIMP U-Pb geochronology of the Igarapé Bahia deposit, Carajás copper-gold belt, Brazil: an Archean (2.57 Ga) example of iron-oxide-Cu-Au-(U-REE) mineralization (2005) Econ Geol, 100, pp. 7-28 Tassinari, C.C.G., Macambira, M.J.B., Geochronological provinces of the Amazonian Craton (1999) Episodes, 22 (3), pp. 174-182 Tassinari, C.C.G., Mellito, M.K., Babinski, M., Age and origin of the Cu (Au-Mo-Ag) Salobo 3A ore deposit, Carajás Mineral Province, Amazonian Craton, northern Brazil (2003) Episodes, 26, pp. 2-9 Teixeira, N.P., Bettencourt, J.S., Moura, C.A.V., Dall'Agnol, R., Macambira, E.M.B., Archean crustal sources for Paleoproterozoic tin-mineralized granites in the Carajás Province, SSE Pará, Brazil: Pb/Pb geochronology and Nd isotope geochemistry (2002) Precambrian Res, 119, pp. 257-275 Tomaschek, F., Kennedy, A.K., Villa, I.M., Lagos, M., Ballhaus, C., Zircons from Syros, Cyclades, Greece-recrystallization and mobilization of zircon during high-pressure metamorphism (2003) J Petrol, 44, pp. 1977-2002 Torresi, I., (2009) Evolução química e isotópica dos fluidos associados à mineralização de Cu-Au do depósito Alvo 118, Província Mineral de Carajás (PA.) M. Sc, p. 80. , thesis, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Brazil Trendall, A.F., Basei, M.A.S., de Laeter, J.R., Nelson, D.R., SHRIMP U-Pb constraints on the age of the Carajás formation, Grão Pará Group, Amazon Craton (1998) J South Am Earth Sci, 11, pp. 265-277 Valley, P.M., Hanchar, J.M., Whitehouse, M.J., Direct dating of Fe oxide-(Cu-Au) mineralization by U/Pb zircon geochronology (2009) Geology, 37, pp. 223-226 Vanko, D.A., Bishop, F.C., Occurrence and origin of marialitic scapolite in the Humboldtt Lopolith, N.W. Nevada (1982) Contrib Miner Petrol, 81, pp. 277-289 Vasquez, L.V., Rosa-Costa, L.R., Silva, C.G., Ricci, P.F., Barbosa, J.O., Klein, E.L., Lopes, E.S., Silva, H.R., (2008) Geologia E Recursos Minerais Do Estado Do Pará: Sistema De Informações Geográficas-SIG: Texto Explicativo Dos Mapas Geológico E Tectônico E De Recursos Minerais Do Estado Do Pará. Organizadores, Vasquez ML, Rosa-Costa LT. 1:1.000.000, , Belém: CPRM Vavra, G., On the kinematics of zircon growth and its petrogenetic significance: a cathodoluminescence study (1990) Contrib Miner Petrol, 106, pp. 90-99 Vavra, G., Gebauer, D., Schmid, R., Compston, W., Multiple zircon growth and recrystallization during polyphase Late Carboniferous to Triassic metamorphism in granulites of the Ivrea zone (Southern Alps): an ion microprobe (SHRIMP) study (1996) Contrib Miner Petrol, 122, pp. 337-358 Villas, R.N., Neves, M.P., Moura, C.V., Toro, M.A.G., Aires, B., Maurity, C., (2006) Estudos isotópicos (Pb, C e O) no depósito Cu-Au do Sossego, Província Mineral de Carajás, , IX Simpósio de Geologia da Amazônia, SBG/Núcleo Norte, [CD-ROM] Williams, I.S., Claesson, S., Isotopic evidence for the Precambrian provenance and Caledonian metamorphism of high grade paragneisses from the Seve Nappes, Scandinavian Caledonides (1987) Contrib Miner Petrol, 97, pp. 205-217 Wirth, K.R., Gibbs, A.K., Olszewski Jr., W.J., U-Pb ages of zircons from the Grão Pará Group and Serra dos Carajás granite, Pará, Brasil (1986) Rev Bras Geocienc, 16, pp. 195-200 Xavier, R.P., Wiedenbeck, M., Trumbull, R.B., Dreher, A.M., Monteiro, L.V.S., Rhede, D., Araújo, C.E.G., Torresi, I., Tourmaline B-isotopes fingerprint marine evaporites as the source of high-salinity ore fluids in iron oxide-copper-gold deposits, Carajás Mineral Province (Brazil) (2008) Geology, 36 (9), pp. 743-746 Xavier, R.P., Monteiro, L.V.S., Souza Filho, C.R., Torresi, I., Carvalho, E.R., Dreher, A.M., Pestilho, A.L.S., Moreto, C.P.N., The iron oxide copper-gold deposits of the Carajás Mineral Province, Brazil: an updated and critical review (2011) 2010-Hydrothermal Iron Oxide Copper-Gold & Related Deposits: A Global Perspective, 3. , Advances in the Understanding of IOCG Deposits T. M. Porter (Ed.), Adelaide: PGC