Artigo
Improved Upper Limits on the Stochastic Gravitational-Wave Background from 2009-2010 LIGO and Virgo Data
Registro en:
Physical Review Letters. College Pk: Amer Physical Soc, v. 113, n. 23, 10 p., 2014.
0031-9007
10.1103/PhysRevLett.113.231101
WOS:000345929600003
WOS000345929600003.pdf
Autor
Aasi, J.
Abbott, B. P.
Abbott, R.
Abbott, T.
Abernathy, M. R.
Accadia, T.
Acernese, F.
Ackley, K.
Adams, C.
Adams, T.
Addesso, P.
Adhikari, R. X.
Affeldt, C.
Agathos, M.
Aggarwal, N.
Aguiar, O. D.
Ain, A.
Ajith, P.
Alemic, A.
Allen, B.
Allocca, A.
Amariutei, D.
Andersen, M.
Anderson, R.
Anderson, S. B.
Anderson, W. G.
Arai, K.
Araya, M. C.
Arceneaux, C.
Areeda, J.
Aston, S. M.
Astone, P.
Aufmuth, P.
Aulbert, C.
Austin, L.
Aylott, B. E.
Babak, S.
Baker, P. T.
Ballardin, G.
Ballmer, S. W.
Barayoga, J. C.
Barbet, M.
Barish, B. C.
Barker, D.
Barone, F.
Barr, B.
Barsotti, L.
Barsuglia, M.
Barton, M. A.
Bartos, I.
Bassiri, R.
Basti, A.
Batch, J. C.
Bauchrowitz, J.
Bauer, Th. S.
Behnke, B.
Bejger, M.
Beker, M. G.
Belczynski, C.
Bell, A. S.
Bell, C.
Bergmann, G.
Bersanetti, D.
Bertolini, A.
Betzwieser, J.
Beyersdorf, P. T.
Bilenko, I. A.
Billingsley, G.
Birch, J.
Biscans, S.
Bitossi, M.
Bizouard, M. A.
Black, E.
Blackburn, J. K.
Blackburn, L.
Blair, D.
Bloemen, S.
Blom, M.
Bock, O.
Bodiya, T. P.
Boer, M.
Bogaert, G.
Bogan, C.
Bond, C.
Bondu, F.
Bonelli, L.
Bonnand, R.
Bork, R.
Born, M.
Boschi, V.
Bose, Sukanta
Bosi, L.
Bradaschia, C.
Brady, P. R.
Braginsky, V. B.
Branchesi, M.
Brau, J. E.
Briant, T.
Bridges, D. O.
Brillet, A.
Brinkmann, M.
Brisson, V.
Brooks, A. F.
Brown, D. A.
Brown, D. D.
Brueckner, F.
Buchman, S.
Bulik, T.
Bulten, H. J.
Buonanno, A.
Burman, R.
Buskulic, D.
Buy, C.
Cadonati, L.
Cagnoli, G.
Calderon Bustillo, J.
Calloni, E.
Camp, J. B.
Campsie, P.
Cannon, K. C.
Canuel, B.
Cao, J.
Capano, C. D.
Carbognani, F.
Carbone, L.
Caride, S.
Castiglia, A.
Caudill, S.
Cavaglia, M.
Cavalier, F.
Cavalieri, R.
Celerier, C.
Cella, G.
Cepeda, C.
Cesarini, E.
Chakraborty, R.
Chalermsongsak, T.
Chamberlin, S. J.
Chao, S.
Charlton, P.
Chassande-Mottin, E.
Chen, X.
Chen, Y.
Chincarini, A.
Chiummo, A.
Cho, H. S.
Chow, J.
Christensen, N.
Chu, Q.
Chua, S. S. Y.
Chung, S.
Ciani, G.
Clara, F.
Clark, J. A.
Cleva, F.
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Colla, A.
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Cominsky, L.
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Day, R.
Dayanga, T.
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Degallaix, J.
Deleglise, S.
Del Pozzo, W.
Denker, T.
Dent, T.
Dereli, H.
Dergachev, V.
De Rosa, R.
DeRosa, R. T.
DeSalvo, R.
Dhurandhar, S.
Diaz, M.
Di Fiore, L.
Di Lieto, A.
Di Palma, I.
Di Virgilio, A.
Donath, A.
Donovan, F.
Dooley, K. L.
Doravari, S.
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Douglas, R.
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Eikenberry, S. S.
Endroczi, G.
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Evans, M.
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Factourovich, M.
Fafone, V.
Fairhurst, S.
Fang, Q.
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Farr, B.
Farr, W. M.
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Fehrmann, H.
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Gammaitoni, L.
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Heptonstall, A. W.
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Hild, S.
Hoak, D.
Hodge, K. A.
Holt, K.
Hooper, S.
Hopkins, P.
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Howell, E. J.
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Huttner, S. H.
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Huynh-Dinh, T.
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Resumen
Gravitational waves from a variety of sources are predicted to superpose to create a stochastic background. This background is expected to contain unique information from throughout the history of the Universe that is unavailable through standard electromagnetic observations, making its study of fundamental importance to understanding the evolution of the Universe. We carry out a search for the stochastic background with the latest data from the LIGO and Virgo detectors. Consistent with predictions from most stochastic gravitational-wave background models, the data display no evidence of a stochastic gravitational-wave signal. Assuming a gravitational-wave spectrum of Omega(GW)(f) = Omega(alpha)(f/f(ref))(alpha), we place 95% confidence level upper limits on the energy density of the background in each of four frequency bands spanning 41.5-1726 Hz. In the frequency band of 41.5-169.25 Hz for a spectral index of alpha = 0, we constrain the energy density of the stochastic background to be Omega(GW)(f) < 5.6 x 10(-6). For the 600-1000 Hz band, Omega(GW)(f) < 0.14(f/900 Hz)(3), a factor of 2.5 lower than the best previously reported upper limits. We find Omega(GW)(f) < 1.8 x 10(-4) using a spectral index of zero for 170-600 Hz and Omega(GW)(f) < 1.0(f/1300 Hz)(3) for 1000-1726 Hz, bands in which no previous direct limits have been placed. The limits in these four bands are the lowest direct measurements to date on the stochastic background. We discuss the implications of these results in light of the recent claim by the BICEP2 experiment of the possible evidence for inflationary gravitational waves. U.S. National Science Foundation Science and Technology Facilities Council of the United Kingdom Max-Planck-Society State of Niedersachsen, Germany Italian Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare French Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Australian Research Council International Science Linkages program of the Commonwealth of Australia Council of Scientific and Industrial Research of India Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare of Italy Spanish Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad Conselleria d'Economia Hisenda i Innovacio of the Govern de les Illes Balears Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education FOCUS Programme of Foundation for Polish Science Royal Society Scottish Funding Council Scottish Universities Physics Alliance National Aeronautics and Space Administration National Research Foundation of Korea Industry Canada Province of Ontario through the Ministry of Economic Development and Innovation National Science and Engineering Research Council Canada Carnegie Trust Leverhulme Trust David and Lucile Packard Foundation Research Corporation OTKA of Hungary Science and Technologies Funding Council of the UK Lyon Institute of Origins (LIO) Alfred P. Sloan Foundation CALTECH, LIGO, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA Louisiana State Univ, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA Univ Savoie, CNRS, IN2P3, LAPP, F-74941 Annecy Le Vieux, France Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Napoli, I-80126 Naples, Italy Univ Salerno, I-84084 Salerno, Italy Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA Livingston Observ, LIGO, Livingston, LA 70754 USA Cardiff Univ, Cardiff CF24 3AA, S Glam, Wales Max Planck Inst Gravitat Phys, Albert Einstein Inst, D-30167 Hannover, Germany Nikhef, NL-1098 XG Amsterdam, Netherlands MIT, LIGO, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA Inst Nacl Pesquisas Espaciais, BR-12227010 Sao Jose Dos Campos, SP, Brazil Interuniv Ctr Astron & Astrophys, Pune 411007, Maharashtra, India Tata Inst Fundamental Res, Bombay 400005, Maharashtra, India Syracuse Univ, Syracuse, NY 13244 USA Univ Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA Leibniz Univ Hannover, D-30167 Hannover, Germany Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy Univ Siena, I-53100 Siena, Italy Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA 94305 USA 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