masterThesis
Noções de topologia nos anos iniciais do ensino fundamental: uma possibilidade investigativa por meio do software Scratch
Fecha
2019-03-01Registro en:
TOJEIRO, Priscilla Frida Salles. Noções de topologia nos anos iniciais do ensino fundamental: uma possibilidade investigativa por meio do software Scratch. 2019. 138 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Ensino de Matemática) - Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Londrina, 2019.
Autor
Tojeiro, Priscilla Frida Salles
Resumen
The spatial construction of children starts from the topological notions, which are the most elementary. This knowledge is built from manipulative experiences in the object itself. The present study, was developed within the scope of the Professional Master in Mathematics Teaching, aims to present a sequence of activities what
addresses introductory notions of Topology, more specifically the Theory of Graphs and was inspired by the problem "The Seven Bridges of Königsberg". The activities are approached from the perspective of Mathematical Research and comprise eight tasks that were developed with Scratch software. The pretension is that students who attend the Elementary School and who are in the development phase of the space skills can approach some characteristics that subsidize Theorems developed by Leonhard Euler through the activities. The choice for this specific problem occurred because it is an interesting problem, not too much explored in Elementary School and, when adapted to the children's context, allows students to see the pratical use
of knowledge learned in the classroom as the study of vertices and edges, even and odd numbers that are predicted knowledge as contents to be taught for the Elementary School. The methodology adopted was qualitative in nature. For the data gathering, observations and use of some instruments were made such as: the documents produced by the students, filming and photographs. Through mathematical research and using Scratch software, students mapped aut itineraries, explored spatial notions, investigated, test their hypotheses several times in the quest for regularities and approached features of Theorems.