Avaliação comparativa entre a extração do óleo de soja com hexano e com álcool anidro e as diferenças físico-químicas no farelo

Abstract

Soybeans are widely used in animal end human feed, and increasingly it is necessary to seek healthier ways to obtain a less aggressive product health. The hexane is ideal for extracting soybean oil, due to it displays all needed characteristics to be a suitable solvent: it does not form azeotropes, immiscible in aqueous solution, low boiling temperature range. On the other hand, it demonstrates highly flammability and toxicity. The present study tests extractions with five soy samples randomly collected in comparative tests between hexane and anhydrous alcohol, as the alcohol has advantages such as lower cost, reduced risk of flammability and are not toxic to animal end human health. However, it can drag unwanted compounds as moisture and carbohydrates. The methodology adopted is on AOCS, content of crude oil, protein, moisture and acidity. The analyses were conducted in triplicate for simulations with hexane and anhydrous alcohol. At all stages of testing, analyses were performed at the oil in soybeans, crude protein in the bran resulting from extractions, moisture content and acidity. The analyses carried out with anhydrous alcohol to oil content and crude protein showed an increase in results. In the simulations for moisture content there was no significant difference, although acidity had considerably increased. Therefore, it can be said that with the use of suitable equipment, anhydrous alcohol becomes a good substitute for hexane.