Análisis comparativo de eficiencia en empresas intensivas en investigación y desarrollo del sector manufacturero en Ecuador: aplicación de la metodología análisis envolvente de datos (DEA)

Abstract

The main objective of this research is to carry out an analysis of the efficiency of companies intensive in Research and Development (R&D) of the Ecuadorian manufacturing sector during the period 2012-2018. The study is based on Data Envelopment Analysis, considered the most appropriate non-parametric tool for measuring efficiency. For the application of the model and selection of variables, annual financial information was taken from those companies, which according to the McKinsey Global Institute (MGI) industrial group correspond to the intensive R&D sector. This financial information is in the databases of the Superintendency of Securities and Insurance Companies. The output-oriented DEA BCC-O model was used to determine the efficiency levels of companies and subsectors. Based on the results obtained, only 5 of the 221 companies managed to be 100% efficient during the seven years evaluated. On the other hand, the subsector that achieved total efficiency was "Manufacture of other types of transport equipment (C30)", while the "Manufacture of chemical substances and products (C20)" subsector obtained the highest level of efficiency low, this being 64%