bachelorThesis
Características de la anemia en los niños entre 6 y 59 meses que acuden al Centro de Salud de Biblián durante el período 2012-2013
Fecha
2015Autor
Cajamarca Sacta, Lia Cristina
Institución
Resumen
Background: Anemia is a disease of great importance in Ecuador; its prevalence has been studied mainly from the DANS (1986) Survey which revealed more problems in children 6 months to 1 year (66.1%) and in children aged 1-2 years (42.7%). In 2012, the national government has made the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (ENSANUT - ECU), the report indicates that after multiple campaigns nutrition and food supplementation, comparing the prevalence of anemia between 1986 and 2012, has barely made a modest decrease.
Objective: Determine the general characteristics of children under 5 with anemia, in Biblián Health Center during the period 2012-2013.
Materials and Methods: A descriptive, analytical study in children aged 6-59 months of age with a diagnosis of anemia, which meet the criteria for inclusion and exclusion. A logistic regression to estimate odds ratio (95%) the lack of response to treatment for anemia was performed adjusted for sex, age, maternal education, birth weight, gestational age, presence of intestinal parasites and weight -age.
Results: The prevalence of mild anemia was 93.4% and 6.6% moderate anemia, no cases with severe anemia were reported. In the univariate association between the degree of anemia and maternal age, low birth weight, prematurity, exclusive breastfeeding, mucocutaneous pallor, heart rate, body mass index, weight for age, height for age was found and parasitosis. The lack of response to treatment was 70.9%. In the multivariate analysis, intestinal parasitosis and severely underweight showed a significant risk to the lack of response to treatment.
Conclusions: low numbers of moderate anemia were reported and none of severe anemia. The degrees of anemia associated with maternal age, low birth weight, prematurity, exclusive breastfeeding, mucocutaneous pallor, heart rate, body mass index, weight for age, height for age and parasitosis. High lack of response to treatment for anemia which influenced the intestinal parasitosis and found severely underweight. It is recommended that prophylactic treatment for parasites and education sessions for mothers to increase adherence to treatment and thus ensure the proper administration of doses of iron and vitamin supplements.