info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Soil Physical Changes after Conversion of Woodlands to Pastures in Dry Chaco Rangelands (Argentina)
Fecha
2017-03Registro en:
Magliano, Patricio Nicolás; Fernandez Alduncin, Roberto Javier; Florio, Eva Laura; Murray, Francisco; Jobbagy Gampel, Esteban Gabriel; Soil Physical Changes after Conversion of Woodlands to Pastures in Dry Chaco Rangelands (Argentina); Society for Range Management; Rangeland Ecology and Management; 70; 2; 3-2017; 225-229
1550-7424
CONICET Digital
CONICET
Autor
Magliano, Patricio Nicolás
Fernandez Alduncin, Roberto Javier
Florio, Eva Laura
Murray, Francisco
Jobbagy Gampel, Esteban Gabriel
Resumen
The conversion of dry woody rangelands into pastures can alter key soil physical properties that regulate ecosystem water circulation and storage. Based on three paired stands of native woodlands and pastures established 20 years ago in the southern Dry Chaco (San Luis, Argentina), we described contrasts in five soil physical properties using a systematic sampling of soil patches (9-18 patches along a single transect within each of the three paired 1-ha stands). Compared with woodlands, pastures displayed flatter microtopography (mean ± standard deviation [SD]: 3.7 ± 0.34 vs. 5.0 ± 0.67% slope; P < 0.05), lower infiltration rate (mean ± SD: 71.6 ± 9.0 vs. 139.9 ± 37.2 mm h-1; P < 0.05), and higher penetration resistance (mean ± SD: 4.2 ± 0.10 vs. 1.9 ± 0.17 kg cm-2; P < 0.01) and bulk density (mean ± SD: 1.39 ± 0.05 vs. 1.16 ± 0.04 g cm-3; P < 0.0001). On average, topsoil water content at field capacity was similar for both types of cover (mean ± SD: 16.3 ± 0.21 vs. 17.1 ± 1.12%, pastures and woodlands, respectively; P = 0.29). However, at similar bulk density values, pastures presented a ∼20% reduction in volumetric water content at field capacity (16.3%) compared with woodlands (19.7%). The establishment of pastures led to more homogenous soils, with most variables having reduced spatial variability in comparison with woodlands. Our observations showed how the conversion of native woodlands to pastures produced strong physical changes in the soils of Dry Chaco and help to understand the mechanisms that are most likely influencing the surface-soil water dynamics of these, and perhaps other, dry rangelands.