info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Are glyphosate and glyphosate-based herbicides endocrine disruptors that alter female fertility?
Fecha
2020-07Registro en:
Ingaramo, Paola Inés; Alarcón, Ramiro; Muñoz de Toro, Monica Milagros; Luque, Enrique Hugo; Are glyphosate and glyphosate-based herbicides endocrine disruptors that alter female fertility?; Elsevier Ireland; Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology; 7-2020
0303-7207
CONICET Digital
CONICET
Autor
Ingaramo, Paola Inés
Alarcón, Ramiro
Muñoz de Toro, Monica Milagros
Luque, Enrique Hugo
Resumen
Numerous evidences have alerted on the toxic effects of the exposure to glyphosate on living organisms. Glyphosate is the herbicide most used in crops such as maize and soybean worldwide, which implies that several non-target species are at a high risk of exposure. Although the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA-USA) has reaffirmed that glyphosate is safe for users, there are controversial studies that question this statement. Some of the reported effects are due to exposure to high doses; however, recent evidences have shown that exposure to low doses could also alter the development of the female reproductive tract, with consequences on fertility. Different animal models of exposure to glyphosate or glyphosate-based herbicides (GBHs) have shown that the effects on the female reproductive tract may be related to the potential and/or mechanisms of actions of an endocrine-disrupting compound. Studies have also demonstrated that the exposure to GBHs alters the development and differentiation of ovarian follicles and uterus, affecting fertility when animals are exposed before puberty. In addition, exposure to GBHs during gestation could alter the development of the offspring (F1 and F2). The main mechanism described associated with the endocrine disrupting effect of GBHs is the modulation of estrogen receptors and molecules involved in the estrogenic pathways. This review summarizes the endocrine-disrupting effects of exposure to glyphosate and GBHs at low or ?environmentally relevant? doses in the female reproductive tissues. Data suggesting that, at low doses, GBHs may have adverse effects on the female reproductive tract fertility are discussed.