Tesis
Comunidade bacteriana do solo e seu potencial biotecnológico sob sistemas integrados no ecótono Cerrado Amazônia
Fecha
2015-02-27Registro en:
CARMO, Kellen Banhos do. Comunidade bacteriana do solo e seu potencial biotecnológico sob sistemas integrados no ecótono Cerrado Amazônia. 2015. 118 f. Tese (Doutorado em Agricultura Tropical) - Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Faculdade de Agronomia, Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Cuiabá, 2015.
Autor
Weber, Oscarlina Lúcia dos Santos
Ferreira, Anderson
http://lattes.cnpq.br/6878691373643793
http://lattes.cnpq.br/6385657569274801
Weber, Oscarlina Lúcia dos Santos
141.427.751-20
http://lattes.cnpq.br/6385657569274801
Ferreira, Anderson
029.760.769-36
http://lattes.cnpq.br/6878691373643793
141.427.751-20
029.760.769-36
Behling, Maurel
651.558.401-63
http://lattes.cnpq.br/3275063450975819
Scabora, Márcia Helena
120.018.738-59
http://lattes.cnpq.br/0133554368065593
Pereira, Luciane Belmonte
971.326.320-00
http://lattes.cnpq.br/1742526407458917
Institución
Resumen
Integrated production systems have been suggested as
alternative to sustainable land use. The objective of this study was to evaluate
integrated agricultural production systems through the occurrence of bacterial
soil communities in a transition area of Cerrado and Amazon rainforest, beyond
to bioprospect bacteria with potencial to solubilize phosphorus and be
antagonistic to plant pathogens. The experimental belongs to Embrapa
Agrosilvopastoral (Sinop /MT) and were evaluated three monoculture systems
(planted forest of eucalyptus, Crop and Pasture) and seven integrated systems
(IL-P, IP-L, ILF, IPF, ILF-IPF , IPF-ILF, ILPF) arranged in four blocks plus Native
forest and Fallow as areas of references. Soil samples were collected at depth
0-10 cm in the rainy and dry season in 2012. It had been determined the
number of colony forming units (CFUs) and potencial antagonistic and to
solubilize phosphorus in culture medium with CaHPO4. The structure and
composition of the soil bacterial community were assessed by denaturing
gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) and sequencing. The highest CFU was in
the integrated system during the rainy season. By orthogonal contrasts, the
ILPF was responsible to make difference compared at the other integrated
systems with a probability of 3%. In the rain, both references areas had lower
CFU and the Fallow differed among five treatments. The DGGE analysis
grouped in both seasons the exclusive systems with each other and separately
the ILPF with the references areas. In the rain, 12.08% bacterial isolates
controlled the pathogens (Rhizoctina sp., Fusarium sp., Sclerotium rolfsii) and
20.83% in the dry season. The same isolates evaluated in antagonism, 56.25%
solubilized phosphate in the rainy season and 47.08% dry. The bacteria with
biotechnological potential were classified as phyla Firmicutes, Actinobacteria,
Proteobacteria and Nitrospira being represented by nine genera and 14
species. The result in the sequencing performed into seven treatments (Forest,
Crop, Grassland, ILF, IPF, ILPF and Native) showed the greatest abundance to
the same first three phyla obtained in the biotechnological potential in both
seasons. The Firmicutes correlated with the Crop in the rainy period and with
ILPF and Native in the dry. For five classes corresponding to the three phyla,
the Crop stood out with the greatest fluctuations in their relative abundance
compared to other treatments. In cluster analysis by gender in the rain, only the
Forest and the ILPF had no similarity with the other treatments but in the dry the
two were grouped with the Forest and IPF. Therefore, the bacterial community
in the soil integrated systems was sensitive to management systems with only
two years of experimental deployment. The ILPF showed the greatest similarity
of bacterial structure with the Native forest. The Crop showed the highest
fluctuations in the relative abundance of the two seasons, being more
susceptible to treatment changes in microbial composition of the soil. The
transition area between the Cerrado and Amazon is promising in bioprospecting
bacteria with the biotechnological potential pathogens and phosphorus
solubilization.