Técnicas utilizadas na reabilitação da síndrome complexa de dor regional: revisão integrativa da literatura

Abstract

Chronic pain is a condition that affects the daily lives of many people and requires early treatment, since it directly interferes with physical, social and psychological aspects, which may negatively affect occupational performance. Thus, this integrative review had as objective to analyze the scientific production in the field of the rehabilitation of subjects with SCDR type I from the identification of existing techniques and analyze their results in the treatment. The search was carried out in the database of the Virtual Health Library (Bireme) and in the specific periodicals of Occupational Therapy: Occupational Therapy Notebooks of the Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), Occupational Therapy Journal of the University of São Paulo (USP) and Brazilian Journal of Occupational Therapy (REVISBRATO). The descriptors were crossed out resulting in the following combinations: "Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy" along with the descriptors: "Rehabilitation", "Occupational Therapy", "Physical Therapy", "Exercise Therapy" and "Treatment Result". There were nine studies where the themes found were grouped into three categories of analysis according to the main rehabilitation techniques addressed in each article: Mirror Therapy and Motor Image, Pain Exposure Therapy and Traction Muscular Stress and Active Compression, and Multimodal Physiotherapy. The results show that the techniques used presented pain relief, gains related to muscle strength and motor function, decreased kinesiophobia and improved occupational performance in daily life activities (ADLs), and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (AIVDs), with positive repercussions on patients' quality of life. We suggest new studies in the area of rehabilitation in SCDR type I, since, most of the studies evaluated do not characterize strong scientific evidence.