Processo da resiliência e os fatores associados ao comportamento do empreendedor diante do insucesso empresarial

Abstract

The success and / or business failure, resulting from entrepreneurial activities are associated with the ability of performance of its managers, requiring the development of skills that can facilitate their adjustment process, by reflection of their management practices and analysis of internal and external context of the organization (BARON and SHANE, 2010). According to Shepherd (2003) the business failure affects directly the life of the individual entrepreneur. The fact that is evident is that the individual entrepreneur needs internal balance and ability to make the process of resilience begins, this being considered by Grotberg (2005) as a process that involves resilient factors, behaviors and results. This study aimed to analyze the factors associated with resilient behavior of entrepreneurs who have experienced business failure. The method adopted is the qualitative and exploratory research, based on empirical research. The units of analysis were eleven entrepreneurs from the central region of Rio Grande do Sul who experienced business failure. Data were analyzed using the technique of content analysis, categorical and enunciation, and the analysis categories were defined a priori and not a priori (BARDIN, 2011). The a priori categories - business failure, resilient factors and dynamic of resilience - were defined based on three theoretical approaches: Shepherd (2003); Grotberg (2005) and Minello (2010). The categories not a priori - shady behaviors on business relations, social impact and financial aspects - emerged from the interviewees' speech. The lack of working capital, credit loss, lack of professional advice, arrogance and inexperience in management were most relevant aspects from the perspective of entrepreneurs, which led to business failure. The similar resilient behaviors among respondents were isolation, withdrawal and social life, having and losing the shame of failure, reflection, want to start over and build capacity. The resilient factors identified in respondents were external support, internal strength / faith, to know to ask for help and ability to learn. The behavioral aspects that contributed to overcoming the failure was a reflection, lose the shame of failure, to want to restart and do therapy, however, the shame of failure, isolation and social withdrawal were behavioral characteristics that difficulted the business failure overcome. The arrogance was a behavioral trait identified in entrepreneurs interviewed. The social impact and adjustment to the new standard of living were influences in the lives of entrepreneurs interviewed after failure.