Factores socioeconómicos y debut de diabetes mellitus tipo 1 con cetoacidosis. Instituto Roosevelt 2013-2016

Abstract

Backround: DM1 is one of the most prevalent chronic diseases in pediatrics worldwide, they have been aware of the sociodemographic and psychological factors are associated with an adequate control of the disease. The aim of this study was to analyze the interaction between some factors and their association with the risk of developing ketoacidosis as a debut in the diagnosis of the disease. Methodology: A cross-sectional analytical study was carried out. The unit of analysis was the patients with DM1 treated at the Roosevelt Institute, using a consecutive sampling in the period 2013-2016. The data were analyzed in descriptive terms and by means of associations with chi-square test and / or Fisher's test. A logistic regression was done to adjust confounding variables. Results: 146 patients with a confirmed diagnosis of DM1 were analyzed, among which 83 patients had made the diagnosis debut with ketoacidosis, 63 patients had not. Only the age of the patients at the time of diagnosis was associated with the presence of debut with ketoacidosis (at younger age, higher risk), however factors such as the socioeconomic stratum, the schooling of the caregiver, the caregiver in charge and / or the area of provenance (urban / rural) did not associate. Discussion: Due to the enormous public health burden of DM1, it is important to apply a multifaceted approach. The identification of risk factors allows a better focus to achieve a better metabolic control and improve the opportunity of a diagnosis without having to go to extremes such as ketoacidosis to achieve an accurate diagnosis.